职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 1524-1528.

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2017—2023年滨州市百日咳流行病学特征分析

郑延芳, 董慧娟, 杜志博, 姚玉涛()   

  1. 滨州市疾病预防控制中心山东 滨州 256600
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-29 修回日期:2025-08-04 出版日期:2026-06-01 发布日期:2026-06-10
  • 通信作者: 姚玉涛,E-mail:2621743620@qq.com
  • 作者简介:郑延芳,女,主管医师,主要从事免疫规划疫苗疾病监测与控制工作。

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in Binzhou City from 2017 to 2023

ZHENG Yanfang, DONG Huijuan, DU Zhibo, YAO Yutao()   

  1. Binzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionBinzhouShandong 256600, China
  • Received:2025-06-29 Revised:2025-08-04 Online:2026-06-01 Published:2026-06-10
  • Contact: YAO Yutao,E-mail:2621743620@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解滨州市百日咳流行病学特点,为制定滨州市百日咳疫情防控策略提供支持。方法 通过全民健康保障疾控信息系统收集2017—2023年滨州市百日咳报告病例,采用描述流行病学分析方法研究2017—2023年滨州市百日咳报告病例的地区、时间和人群分布特征。结果 2017—2023年滨州市累计报告百日咳病例1 918例,未出现死亡病例,年平均报告发病率为6.92/10万,各年度间百日咳报告发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。惠民县报告发病率最高为15.31/10万,博兴县报告发病率最低为2.64/10万,不同县(市、区)人群百日咳的发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。发病时间集中在7—11月,男性患者发病率稍高于女性,但两者间的发病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。发病年龄主要集中在0~<10岁组,共计1 831例,占总发病数的95.5%,在所有报告病例中,散居儿童、托幼儿童及学生共报告1 913例,占总报告病例数的99.74%。报告病例中接种4剂次百日咳疫苗的病例有1 232例,占比64.24%。结论 滨州市百日咳发病率呈现上升趋势,大年龄组儿童患病逐渐增多,儿童和学生仍是百日咳防控的重点人群,建议通过加强百日咳监测工作,做好百日咳疫苗常规免疫和查漏补种工作。探索完善百日咳免疫策略,优化免疫程序,加强培训,提高医疗机构的百日咳诊断报告能力,不断推进健康宣传教育工作,实现对疫情的有效控制。

关键词: 百日咳, 流行病学, 分析, 免疫策略

Abstract:

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in Binzhou City,and provide support for formulating prevention and control strategies of pertussis in Binzhou City. Methods The reported cases of pertussis in Binzhou City from 2017 to 2023 were collected through the National Health Security Disease Control and Prevention Information System,and descriptive epidemiological analysis methods were used to study the spatial,temporal,and demographic distribution characteristics of the reported pertussis cases in Binzhou City from 2017 to 2023. Results From 2017 to 2023,1 918 cases of pertussis were reported in Binzhou City,with no deaths,and the average annual pertussis incidence was 6.92/100,000. There was a statistically significant difference in the reported incidence rate of pertussis between different years(P<0.01). The highest incidence rate was reported in Huimin County(15.31/100 000),while the lowest incidence rate was reported in Boxing County(2.64/100,000). There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of pertussis among people in different counties(cities,districts)(P<0.01). The onset of the disease was mainly concentrated from July to November,with a slightly higher incidence in male patients than in females,but there was no significant difference in the incidence rate between the two(P>0.05). The age of onset was mainly concentrated in children aged 0-<10 years old,with a total of 1 831 cases,accounting for 95.5% of the total number of cases. Among all reported cases,1 913 cases were reported among scattered children,children in nursery,and students,accounting for 99.74% of the total number of reported cases. Among the reported cases,1 232 cases had received 4 doses of the pertussis vaccine,accounting for 64.24%. Conclusion The incidence of pertussis in Binzhou City is showing an upward trend,with an increasing number of cases in older children. Children and students remain the key populations for pertussis prevention and control. It is recommended to strengthen the surveillance of pertussis,do a good job in routine immunization and catch-up vaccination of pertussis vaccine,explore and improve pertussis immunization strategies,and optimize immunization program,strengthen training,improve the diagnostic and reporting capabilities of medical institutions for pertussis,and continuously promote health education and publicity work to achieve effective control of the epidemic.

Key words: Pertussis, Epidemiology, Analysis, Immunization strategy

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