职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (20): 2790-2794.

• 论著—食品安全与营养 • 上一篇    下一篇

2019—2023年滨州市食源性疾病病原学监测结果流行病学分析

聂勇光1,2, 刘风仙2, 路彬2, 石路2, 郭晓2, 王素珍1()   

  1. 1 山东省第二医科大学山东 潍坊 261053
    2 滨州市疾病预防控制中心山东 滨州 256600
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-03 修回日期:2025-11-23 出版日期:2026-10-15 发布日期:2026-09-14
  • 通信作者: 王素珍,E-mail:wangsz@wfmc.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:聂勇光,男,副主任医师,主要从事疾病控制工作。

Epidemiological analysis of pathogen monitoring results of foodborne diseases in Binzhou City from 2019 to 2023

NIE Yongguang1,2, LIU Fengxian2, LU Bin2, SHI Lu2, GUO Xiao2, WANG Suzhen1()   

  1. 1 Shandong Second Medical UniversityWeifangShandong 261053, China
    2 Binzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionBinzhouShandong 256600, China
  • Received:2025-07-03 Revised:2025-11-23 Online:2026-10-15 Published:2026-09-14
  • Contact: WANG Suzhen,E-mail:wangsz@wfmc.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 分析滨州市食源性疾病病例病原体流行病学特征,为预防食源性疾病提供依据。方法 对2019—2023年滨州市食源性疾病主动监测检出的沙门菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌和诺如病毒的分布特征和血清型别进行分析。结果 2019—2023年监测样本1 109份,共分离207份病原体,检出率18.67%(207/1 109),2020年检出率最高8.52%(67/786)。检出的病原体中,诺如病毒检出率最高,其次是致泻性大肠埃希菌、沙门菌、副溶血性弧菌,志贺菌无检出。诺如病毒集中在第一、四季度检出,诺如病毒Ⅱ型占主要型别,占比80.56%。致泻性大肠埃希菌中,黏附性大肠埃希菌属(enteroaggregative escherichia coli.,EAEC)检出型别较高(38.67%)。年龄组中,诺如病毒阳性检出率以≥60岁年龄组最低(3.09%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别间诺如病毒检出阳性病例中,男性(11.40%)显著高于女性(7.32%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.070,P<0.05)。可疑食品间食源性疾病病原体沙门菌、大肠埃希菌和诺如病毒检出情况差异均无统计学意义(χ2=6.941、5.404、5.581,均P>0.05),不同加工方式食品病原体检出情况之间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 2019—2023年滨州市食源性疾病以诺如病毒Ⅱ型和黏附性大肠埃希菌为主,秋冬季高发,儿童及青壮年易感。需加强食品全链条监管、规范餐饮操作,重点防控集体场所,开展公众教育。

关键词: 食源性疾病, 主动监测, 病原监测, 哨点医院, 致病菌, 流行特征

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pathogens in foodborne disease cases in Binzhou City,and provide a basis for the prevention of foodborne diseases. Methods The distribution characteristics and serotypes of Salmonella,diarrheagenic Escherichia coli,and norovirus detected through active monitoring of foodborne diseases in Binzhou City from 2019 to 2023 were analyzed. Results A total of 1 109 samples were monitored from 2019 to 2023,from which 207 pathogens were isolated,with an overall detection rate of 18.67%(207/1 109). The detection rate was highest in 2020 at 8.52%(67/786). Among the detected pathogens,Norovirus had the highest detection rate,followed by diarrheagenic Escherichia coli,Salmonella,and Vibrio parahaemolyticus,while Shigella was not detected. Norovirus was detected in the first and fourth quarters,with norovirus genotype II being the predominant type,accounting for 80.56%. Among the diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains,enteroaggregative Escherichia coli(EAEC) had a relatively high detection rate(38.67%). In terms of age groups,the positive detection rate of norovirus was lowest in the ≥60 age group(3.09%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The detection rate of norovirus in males(11.40%) was significantly higher than that in females(7.32%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=5.070,P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the detection of Salmonella,Escherichia coli,and norovirus among different types of suspicious food samples(χ2=6.941,5.404,5.581,all P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the detection of pathogens among food samples processed by different methods(P>0.05). Conclusion From 2019 to 2023,foodborne diseases in Binzhou City are mainly caused by norovirus genotype II and EAEC,with a high incidence in autumn and winter,and children and young adults are more susceptible. It is necessary to strengthen the full-chain supervision of food,standardize catering operations,focus on collective venues,and carry out health education.

Key words: Foodborne diseases, Active monitoring, Pathogen monitoring, Sentinel hospital, Pathogenic bacteria, Epidemiological characteristics

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