职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (20): 2852-2856.

• 论著—环境与健康 • 上一篇    下一篇

气象条件下乌鲁木齐市空气污染与居民急救人次关联性分析

迪力拜尔·阿里木1, 热孜亚木1, 潘凯2, 张莹1, 杨浩峰1()   

  1. 1 乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心环境健康因素监测与评价科(乌鲁木齐市卫生监督所)新疆 乌鲁木齐 830026
    2 新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-08 修回日期:2025-11-27 出版日期:2026-10-15 发布日期:2026-09-14
  • 通信作者: 杨浩峰,E-mail:4255085@qq.com
  • 作者简介:迪力拜尔·阿里木,女,主管医师,主要从事环境卫生学研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2024D01C67)

Analysis of the correlation between air pollution and emergency ambulance dispatches in Urumqi City under meteorological conditions

Dilibaier Alimu1, Reziyamu 1, PAN Kai2, ZHANG Ying1, YANG Haofeng1()   

  1. 1 Department of Monitoring and Evaluation of Environmental Health FactorsUrumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Urumqi Health Supervision Institute),UrumqiXinjiang 830026, China
    2 Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and PreventionUrumqiXinjiang 830002, China
  • Received:2025-08-08 Revised:2025-11-27 Online:2026-10-15 Published:2026-09-14
  • Contact: YANG Haofeng,E-mail:4255085@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解2024年乌鲁木齐市空气污染及气象因素的分布特征,探讨空气污染物与居民急救人次之间的关联性。方法 收集2024年乌鲁木齐市空气污染物、气象和居民急救人次的监测数据。空气污染数据包括二氧化硫(SO2)、二氧化氮(NO2)、细颗粒物(particulate matter 2.5,PM2.5)、可吸入颗粒物(particulate matter 10,PM10)和一氧化碳(CO)的日平均浓度和臭氧(O3)的日最大8 h平均值;气象数据包括日均气温、相对湿度、气压、风速、日照时数。分析居民急救人次与空气污染物之间的相关性。结果 乌鲁木齐市空气中SO2、NO2、CO、O3-8 h、PM10和PM2.5的日均浓度分别为5.21 μg/m3、31.82 μg/m3、0.64 mg/m3、88.87 μg/m3、67.65 μg/m3和35.58 μg/m3。其中,PM2.5、PM10、O3-8 h和NO2的超标天数分别为51 d(13.93%)、23 d(6.28%)、3 d(0.82%)和2 d(0.55%)。通过相关性分析得出,总急救人次与SO2、O3-8 h均呈正相关(rs=0.269、0.404,均P<0.01);呼吸系统疾病急救人次与SO2呈正相关(rs=0.188,P<0.01);循环系统急救人次与NO2及CO均呈正相关(rs=0.136、0.116,均P<0.05)。0~<65岁居民总急救人次与SO2、O3-8 h均呈正相关(rs=0.272、0.434,均P<0.01)。≥65岁循环系统急救人次与NO2、CO、PM10、PM2.5均呈正相关(rs=0.127、0.138、0.116、0.118,均P<0.05)。结论 PM2.5是2024年影响乌鲁木齐市空气质量的主要污染物,空气污染物整体水平呈下降趋势。空气污染物暴露对居民急救人次存在一定的影响,空气污染相关的总急救人次的影响在0~<65岁居民中较高,而循环系统疾病急救人次的影响则集中于≥65岁居民。

关键词: 空气污染物, 急救, 居民, 关联性

Abstract:

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of air pollution and meteorological factors in Urumqi City in 2024,and to explore the correlation between air pollutants and the number of emergency medical treatments for residents. Methods Data were collected on air pollutants,meteorological variables and daily emergency medical visits for residents in Urumqi City in 2024. The air pollution data included daily mean concentrations of SO2,NO2,CO,particulate matter 10(PM10) and particulate matter 2.5(PM2.5) and daily max 8 h average O3(O3-8 h). The meteorological data included the daily average temperature,relative humidity,air pressure,wind speed and sunshine duration. The correlation between emergency medical visits and air pollutants was analyzed. Results The daily average concentrations of SO2,NO2,CO,O3-8 h,PM10,and PM2.5 were 5.21 μg/m3,31.82 μg/m3,0.64 mg/m3,88.87 μg/m3,67.65 μg/m3,and 35.58 μg/m3,respectively. Among them,the number of days with exceedance for PM2.5,PM10,O3-8 h and NO2 was 51(13.93%),23(6.28%),3(0.82%) and 2(0.55%),respectively. The correlation analysis results showed that the emergency visits were positively correlated with SO2 and O3-8 hrs=0.269,0.404,both P<0.01). The emergency visits for respiratory diseases were positively correlated with SO2rs=0.188,P<0.01). The emergency visits for circulatory system diseases were positively correlated with NO2 and CO(rs=0.136,0.116,both P<0.05). The emergency visits for residents aged 0-<65 years were positively correlated with SO2 and O3-8 hrs=0.272,0.434,both P<0.01). The emergency visits for circulatory system diseases among residents aged ≥65 years were positively correlated with NO2,CO,PM10,and PM2.5rs=0.127,0.138,0.116,0.118,all P<0.05). Conclusion PM2.5 is the main pollutant affecting the air quality in Urumqi in 2024,and the overall level of air pollutants is showing a downward trend. Exposure to air pollutants has a certain impact on emergency medical visits. The impact of emergency visits related to air pollution was higher among residents aged 0-<65 years,while the impact of emergency visits for circulatory system diseases was concentrated among residents aged ≥65 years.

Key words: Air pollutants, Emergency visit, Residents, Correlation

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