职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (22): 3052-3057.

• 论著—职业卫生与职业相关疾病 • 上一篇    下一篇

2006—2023年宜昌市新发职业病流行病学特征分析

杜舟, 胡池, 赵露(), 陈瑜, 李丹君, 李燕   

  1. 宜昌市疾病预防控制中心湖北 宜昌 443000
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-14 修回日期:2025-11-26 出版日期:2026-11-15 发布日期:2026-09-20
  • 通信作者: 赵露,E-mail:1976113139@qq.com
  • 作者简介:杜舟,男,副主任技师,主要从事劳动卫生工作。

Epidemiological characteristics analysis of new occupational diseases in Yichang City from 2006 to 2023

DU Zhou, HU Chi, ZHAO Lu(), CHEN Yu, LI Danjun, LI Yan   

  1. Yichang Center for Disease Control and PreventionYichangHubei 443000, China
  • Received:2025-10-14 Revised:2025-11-26 Online:2026-11-15 Published:2026-09-20
  • Contact: ZHAO Lu,E-mail:1976113139@qq.com

摘要:

目的 分析宜昌市职业病发病情况,为制定宜昌市职业病防治策略提供参考依据。方法 采取整群抽样方法,对2006—2023年宜昌市2 669例新诊断病例数据进行分析。结果 宜昌市共报告新诊断职业病八大类、32种,尘肺病、职业性化学中毒和职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病病例数居前3位,分别占病例总数的89.77%、4.61%和3.67%。行业类别主要集中在采矿业(79.81%)和制造业(13.08%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 210.938,P<0.01)。经济类型分布以私有经济类型(65.98%)和集体经济类型(15.29%)为主,差异有统计学意义(χ2=75.931,P<0.01);企业规模分布以小型企业(60.92%)和中型企业(14.87%)为主,差异有统计学意义(χ2=135.807,P<0.01)。结论 尘肺病、职业性化学中毒、职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病是宜昌市的主要职业病危害,发生在多个地区和多个行业,私有经济类型、中小型企业为宜昌市职业卫生工作的重点监控对象。

关键词: 职业病, 职业病报告, 发病特征, 尘肺病, 化学中毒, 噪声聋

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the incidence of occupational diseases in Yichang,and to provide theoretical basis for the formulation of occupational disease prevention and control strategies. Methods A cluster sampling was used to analyze the data of 2 669 newly diagnosed occupational diseases in Yichang from 2006 to 2023. Results A total of 32 types of newly diagnosed occupational diseases were reported,with pneumoconiosis,occupational chemical poisoning and occupational ear,nose,throat,and oral diseases ranking in the top three cases,accounting for 89.77%,4.61% and 3.67% of the total cases,respectively. The major industries were mining(79.81%) and manufacturing(13.08%),with statistically significant differences(χ2=1 210.938,P<0.01). In terms of economic type,private economy(65.98%) and collective economy(15.29%) were the main types,with statistically significant differences(χ2=75.931,P<0.01).In terms of enterprise size,small enterprises(60.92%) and medium-sized enterprises(14.87%)were the main types,with statistically significant differences(χ2=135.807,P<0.01). Conclusion Pneumoconiosis,occupational chemical poisoning and occupational ear,nose,throat,and oral diseases are the main occupational hazards in Yichang,which occur in multiple regions and industries,and private economy and small and medium-sized enterprises are the key monitoring objects of occupational health work in Yichang.

Key words: Occupational disease, Occupational disease report, Incidence characteristics, Pneumoconiosis, Chemical poisoning, Noise-induced deafness

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