关键词: 食品安全风险监测, 微生物及其致病因子, 致病菌

Abstract: Objective To understand the contamination status of important pathogenic bacteria in food in Xindu District,Chengdu City,and take the initiative to find out the potential safety hazards in food in Xindu District,so as to provide scientific basis for the subsequent safety risk assessment,standardization,supervision and management. Methods Based on the requirements of the 2019-2023 "Chengdu Food Safety Risk Monitoring Program" and the "National Risk Monitoring Workbook for Food Pollution and Harmful Factors",the main consumption places of residents including large supermarkets,farmers' markets,collective canteens,restaurants,mobile vendors and other links in Xindu District,Chengdu City for sampling and testing were selected,the test results using Excel 2021 to establish a database,SPSS 22.0 for its statistical analysis. Results From 2019 to 2023,971 food samples were tested for foodborne pathogens,and 204 food products were detected with pathogenic bacteria,the overall sample positivity rate of 21.01%.The highest positive detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was 26.85% in 2022,and the lowest was 13.43% in 2021. There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria between different years（χ²=20.81,P<0.01）. The top 5 positive detection rates of foodborne pathogens in different types of food products were raw animal meat（46.80%）,animal-based aquatic products（45.92%）,cereal（25.00%）,barbecue（18.18%）,kimchi（16.67%）,the difference in the positive rate of pathogenic bacteria in different types of food was statistically significant（χ²=126.55,P<0.01）. The positive rate of detection of various types of foodborne pathogens in descending order wereVibrio parahaemolyticus（37.65%）,Staphylococcus aureus（15.99%）,Cronobacter（12.50%）,Cronobacter（12.50%）,Bacillus cereus（9.09%）,Salmonella spp（2.00%）,Listeria monocytogenes（1.58%）,of which Salmonella serotypes were dominated by Salmonella typhimurium,accounting for 73.68% of the total. The food products that were detected to be carrying pathogens were mainly from the farmers' markets,supermarkets,and bulk food in small restaurants. Conclusion The level of pathogenic bacterial contamination in food in Xindu District,Chengdu is at a relatively low level,but different degrees of foodborne pathogenic bacterial contamination are still found in a range of food products such as cooked meat products,raw animal meat,animal aquatic products,and kimchi,etc.,and there is a need to strengthen the supervision and monitoring efforts in order to create a healthier food safety ecosystem.

Key words: Food safety risk monitoring, Microorganisms and their pathogenicity factors, Pathogenic bacteria