护士职业认同的概念、评估工具及影响因素的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： “职业认同”指的是深入了解职业行为后确立个人从事该职业普遍认同的价值观和目标。与之相关的专业自我概念、自我同一性、社会认同等概念同样需要关注。本文通过综述国内外文献,归纳不同视角下职业认同的概念、评估工具及影响因素,如护士个人角度、工作环境特征角度、社会层面以及家庭冲突等,认为应该进一步探索职业认同的内涵定义、形成机制及其社会影响,针对公立医院护士开展精准调查,旨在为国内开展公立医院护士职业认同的干预性研究提供思路。

关键词: 护士, 职业认同, 概念, 影响因素, 研究进展

Abstract: "Professional identity" refers to the establishment of universally recognized values and goals for individuals engaged in a profession after a deep understanding of professional behavior. Related concepts such as professional self-concept,self-identity and social identity also need attention. This article reviews the domestic and international literature,summarizing the concepts,assessment tools and influencing factors of professional identity from different perspectives,such as nurses' personal perspective,the perspective of characteristics of the work environment,the social dimension and family conflicts. It is believed that further exploration of the connotation definition,formation mechanism,and social influence of professional identity should be carried out. A precise survey should be conducted on nurses in public hospitals,aiming to provide ideas for conducting an interventional research on professional identity of nurses in public hospitals in China.

Key words: Nurses, Professional identity, Concept, Influencing factors, Research progress

中图分类号:

R192.6

杨晴晴, 林慧慧, 杜佳妮, 汪胜. 护士职业认同的概念、评估工具及影响因素的研究进展. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(17): 2439-2443.

YANG Qingqing, LIN Huihui, DU Jiani, WANG Sheng. Research progress on the concept,assessment tools and influencing factors of nurses' professional identity. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(17): 2439-2443.

参考文献

[1] 国家卫生健康委员会.全国护理事业发展规划(2021—2025年)[J].中国护理管理,2022,22(6):801-804.
[2] ARCHIBALD M M,BARNARD A.Futurism in nursing:Technology,robotics and the fundamentals of care[J].J Clin Nurs,2018,27(11-12):2473-2480.
[3] MAO A,LU S,LIN Y,et al.A scoping review on the influencing factors and development process of professional identity among nursing students and nurses[J].J Prof Nurs,2021,37(2):391-398.
[4] SABANCIOGULLARI S,DOGAN S.Relationship between job satisfaction,professional identity and intention to leave the profession among nurses in Turkey[J].J Nurs Manage,2015,23(8):1076-1085.
[5] ERIKSON E H.Identity:Youth and crisis[J].WW Norton Co Google Schola, 1968,2:341-358.
[6] HOLLAND J J,GOTTFREDSON D C,POWER P G.Some diagnostic scales for research in decision making and personality:Identity,information,and barriers.[J].J Pers Soc Psychol,1980,39(6):1191-1200.
[7] XU Y,LIANG Y,YE H,et al.Literature review of the research on nursing students' professional self-concept[J].Med Educ Online,2023,28(1):2153396.
[8] NOCERINO R,CHIARINI M,MARINA M.Nurse professional identity:Validation of the Italian version of the questionnaire Nurse Professional Values Scale-Revised[J].Clin Ter,2020,171(2):e114-e119.
[9] FAGERMOEN M S.Professional identity:Values embedded in meaningful nursing practice[J].J Adv Nurs,1997,25(3):434-441.
[10] 王建荣,丁淑贞,桑甜.本科护生职业认同与自我同一性的相关关系研究[J].护理管理杂志,2017,17(9):620-622.
[11] WU C,PALMER M H,SHA K.Professional identity and its influencing factors of first-year post-associate degree baccalaureate nursing students:A cross-sectional study[J].Nurs Educ Today,2020,84:104227.
[12] 吴欣娟,王钰.重塑护士职业幸福感助力护理高质量发展[J].护理管理杂志,2023,23(5):321-324.
[13] ADAMS K,HEAN S,STURGIS P,et al.Investigating the factors influencing professional identity of first-year health and social care students[J].Learning in Health and Social Care,2006,5(2):55-68.
[14] 丁刚. 企业人力资源管理者职业认同的影响因素及作用机制研究[D].天津:南开大学,2014.
[15] BROWN R,CONDOR S,MATHEWS A,et al.Explaining intergroup differentiation in an industrial organization[J].J Occup Health Psych,1986,59(4):273-286.
[16] SABANC1OGULLARI S,DOGAN S.Effects of the professional identity development programme on the professional identity,job satisfaction and burnout levels of nurses:A pilot study[J].Int J Nurs Pract,2015, 21(6):847-857.
[17] 董婉儿. 医务人员组织支持感、职业认同感与隐性缺勤的关系研究[D].广州:南方医科大学,2024.
[18] NEGISHI K,ASAHARA K,YANAI H.Developing a professional identity scale:Identifying factors related to professional identity of government-employed public health nurses[J].Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi,2010, 57(1):27-38.
[19] 刘玲,郝玉芳,刘晓虹.护士职业认同评定量表的研制[J].解放军护理杂志,2011,28(3):18-20.
[20] ANGEL E,CRAVEN R,DENSON N.The nurses self-concept instrument(NSCI):Assessment of psychometric properties for australian domestic and international student nurses[J].Int J Nurs Stud,2012,49(7):880-886.
[21] 王文广. 西部某高校农村订单定向医学生职业认同现状调查分析[D].昆明:昆明医科大学,2016.
[22] 邓芳丽,张健,李宣霖,等.中文版护士职业认同量表的信效度分析[J].护理学报,2016,23(17):47-50.
[23] HOSSEINI A,MOUSAVI S H,HAJIBABAEE F,et al.The relationship between workplace bullying and professional self-concept in Iranian nurses[J].Nurs Open,2020,8(1):232-240.
[24] 赵柳红,黄倩怡,冯锦屏,等.“互联网+护理服务”护士职业认同感量表的编制及信效度检验[J].护理学杂志,2023,38(7):15-18.
[25] PHILIPPA R,ANN H,JACQUELINE M,et al.Professional identity in nursing:A mixed method research study[J].Nurse Educ Pract,2021, 52:103039.
[26] 方玲,杨丹.护士职业妥协现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学杂志,2024,39(5):57-60.
[27] MIAO C,LIU C,ZHOU Y,et al.Nurses' perspectives on professional self-concept and its influencing factors:A qualitative study[J].Bmc Nurs,2024,23(1):237.
[28] 孟雯琪. 临床护士职业认同现状及影响因素的混合性研究[D].济南:山东中医药大学,2023.
[29] 吴晓莉,白帆,王云雷,等.女性护士昼夜节律紊乱与静息态下丘脑功能性连接的相关性研究[J].神经疾病与精神卫生,2022,22(6):432-438.
[30] 万佳,夏海鸥.专科护士工作获得感源泉的质性研究[J].护理学杂志,2023,38(5):82-86,100.
[31] PERŠOLJA M,ŽVANUT B,ROT Š,et al.Assessment of management styles among top nursing leaders in Slovenian primary health centers:A cross-sectional analysis[J].Leadersh Health Serv,2024,37(5):157-168.
[32] 潘红,陈勤,刘峥,等.川东北地区血液透析护士感知真实型领导与职场精神力对职业认同的作用路径研究[J].职业与健康,2023, 39(15):2079-2083.
[33] KIEFT R A,DE BROUWER BB,FRANCKE A L,et al.How nurses and their work environment affect patient experiences of the quality of care:A qualitative study[J].Bmc Health Serv Res,2014,14:249.
[34] YILDIZ B,YILDIZ H,AYAZ ARDA O.Relationship between work-family conflict and turnover intention in nurses:A meta-analytic review[J].J Adv Nurs,2021,77(8):3317-3330.
[35] MARCINOWICZ L,OWLASIUK A,PERKOWSKA E.Exploring the ways experienced nurses in Poland view their profession:A focus group study[J].Int Nurs Rev,2016,63(3):336-343.
[36] ARTHUR D,PANG S,WONG T,et al.Caring attributes,professional self concept and technological influences in a sample of Registered Nurses in eleven countries[J].Int J Nurs Stud,1999,36(5):387-396.
[37] WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION.2020 Triad statement[EB/OL].(2020-06-28)[2024-06-12].https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/2020-triad-statement.
[38] TEN HOEVE Y,JANSEN G,ROODBOL P.The nursing profession:Public image,self-concept and professional identity.A discussion paper[J].J Adv Nurs,2014,70(2):295-309.
[39] KRISTOFFERSEN M.Does professional identity play a critical role in the choice to remain in the nursing profession?[J].Nurs Open,2021, 8(4):1928-1936.
[40] 彭青,马丽,杨晓红.叙事护理教学策略对高职护生职业韧性和护理专业自我概念的影响[J].卫生职业教育,2023,41(16):96-99.
[41] NATTERØY C S,TVEIT B,RAUSTØL A.Nurse mentors' experiences with suitability assessments in clinical placement:A qualitative study[J].Nurse Educ Pract,2023,72:103755.
[42] 韩笑笑. 麻醉科护士工作压力在职业认同感和工作满意度间的中介效应研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2022.
[43] FLINKMAN M,LEINO-KILPI H,SALANTERÄ S.Nurses' intention to leave the profession:integrative review[J].J Adv Nurs,2010,66(7):1422-1434.