临床护士应对方式与职业倦怠的关系及心理复原力的中介作用

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 865-869.

• 论著 • 下一篇

临床护士应对方式与职业倦怠的关系及心理复原力的中介作用

魏涛, 邢晓丽, 徐步, 甘燕, 刘晶晶, 荣向霞

安徽理工大学第一附属医院护理部,安徽淮南 232007

收稿日期:2024-07-05 修回日期:2024-07-26 出版日期:2025-04-01 发布日期:2025-12-17
通信作者: 荣向霞,教授,E-mail：1326808740@qq.com
作者简介:魏涛,男,主管护师,主要从事精神心理研究工作。
基金资助:
2022年度高等学校省级质量工程项目（2022zygzts030）; 2023年皖南医学院校级科研项目（WK2023JXY004）

Relationship between clinical nurses' coping styles and burnout：The mediating role of psychological resilience

WEI Tao, XING Xiaoli, XU Bu, GAN Yan, LIU Jingjing, RONG Xiangxia

Department of Nursing,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232007,China

Received:2024-07-05 Revised:2024-07-26 Online:2025-04-01 Published:2025-12-17
Contact: RONG Xiangxia,Professor,E-mail：1326808740@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解临床护士职业倦怠现状,探讨应对方式与职业倦怠的关系,以及心理复原力在两者间的单独中介作用。方法 2024年1—3月,采用便利抽样法选取国内17座城市23家综合医院的临床护士进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果共纳入862名临床护士,有效问卷回收率为87.25%。临床护士职业倦怠得分为（54.33±20.07）分,积极应对总得分为（22.56±7.78）分,消极应对总得分为（18.62±4.62）分,心理复原力总得分为（60.94±17.13）分。Pearson相关分析结果显示,临床护士积极应对与心理复原力正相关（r=0.525,P<0.01）,与职业倦怠呈负相关（r=-0.427,P<0.01）;临床护士消极应对与心理复原力呈负相关（r=-0.121,P<0.05）,与职业倦怠呈正相关（r=0.225,P<0.05）。积极应对得分可负向预测临床护士职业倦怠（β= -0.427,s_x =0.045,P<0.01）;消极应对得分可正向预测临床护士职业倦怠（β=0.371,s_x =0.045,P<0.01）。心理复原力在积极应对与职业倦怠间起部分中介作用,间接效应值为-0.176,占总效应的41.22%;消极应对不仅能够直接预测职业倦怠（直接效应值为0.142）,还可以通过心理复原力的中介作用间接影响职业倦怠（中介效应值为0.119）,分别占总效应的54.41%和45.59%。结论我国临床护士存在中度职业倦怠,应对方式不仅可以直接影响职业倦怠,还可以通过心理复原力的中介作用间接影响职业倦怠。引导临床护士积极的应对方式有利于提高其心理复原力,从而间接降低职业倦怠感,提高工作效率。

关键词: 职业倦怠, 应对方式, 中介分析, 临床护士, 心理复原力

Abstract: Objective To understand the current state of burnout among clinical nurses and to explore the relationship between coping styles and burnout,and the separate mediating role of psychological resilience between them. Methods Form January to March 2024,a questionnaire survey was conducted using convenience sampling method among clinical nursing staff of 23 general hospitals selected from 17 cities in China. The data were analysed. Results A total of 862 clinical nurses were included,valid questionnaire return rate was 87.25%. The burnout score of clinical nurses was （54.33±20.07）points,the total score of positive coping was （22.56±7.78）points,the total score of negative coping was （18.62±4.62）points,and the total score of psychological resilience was （60.94±17.13）points. Pearson's correlation analysis found that positive coping was favorably connected with clinical nurses' psychological resilience（r=0.525,P<0.01） and negatively correlated with burnout（r=-0.427,P<0.01）,negative coping of clinical nurses was negatively correlated with psychological resilience（r=-0.121,P<0.05） and positively correlated with burnout（r=0.225,P<0.05）. Positive coping could negatively predict clinical nurses burnout（β=-0.427,s_x =0.045,P<0.01）,negative coping could positively predict clinical nurses' burnout（β=0.371,s_x =0.045,P<0.01）. Psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between positive coping and burnout,with an indirect effect value of -0.176,accounting for 41.22% of the total effect. Negative coping could not only directly predict burnout（direct effect value of 0.142）,but also indirectly influence burnout through the mediating role of psychological resilience（mediating effect value of 0.119）,accounting for 54.41% and 45.59% of the total effect,respectively. Conclusions Clinical nurses suffer from moderate burnout,and coping styles may not only directly affect burnout,but also indirectly through the mediating role of psychological resilience. Inducing positive coping styles in clinical nurses may be beneficial in increasing psychological resilience,then indirectly reducing burnout,and increasing work efficiency.

Key words: Burnout, Coping styles, Mediation analysis, Clinical nurses, Psychological resilience

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

魏涛, 邢晓丽, 徐步, 甘燕, 刘晶晶, 荣向霞. 临床护士应对方式与职业倦怠的关系及心理复原力的中介作用. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(7): 865-869.

WEI Tao, XING Xiaoli, XU Bu, GAN Yan, LIU Jingjing, RONG Xiangxia. Relationship between clinical nurses' coping styles and burnout：The mediating role of psychological resilience. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(7): 865-869.

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临床护士应对方式与职业倦怠的关系及心理复原力的中介作用

Relationship between clinical nurses' coping styles and burnout：The mediating role of psychological resilience

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