关键词: 石材加工, 职业病危害因素监测, 职业卫生管理

Abstract: Objective To understand the occupational health status and variation tendency of stone processing industry in Guangxi from 2020 to 2023,provide reference basis for occupational disease prevention and control work. Methods The monitoring data of occupational hazard factors in Guangxi stone processing enterprises from 2020 to 2023 were collected through the monitoring system of occupational hazard factors in the workplace,and the data were analyzed. Results From 2020 to 2023,the qualification rates of noise and dust were 18.4%-24.4% and 62.9%-97.6% respectively,of which the qualification rate of silica dust was 59.8%-96.4%,and the qualification rates of other types of dust were 100.0%. The noise qualification rate of micro enterprises was 14.6%-32.7%,which showed a decreasing trend with the year（P<0.05）. For micro enterprises and small enterprises,the qualification rate of silica dust were 59.8%-99.0% and 59.8%-93.9% respectively,the coverage rate of occupational health examination in the previous year were 2.9%-58.8% and 12.5%-78.2% respectively,the rate of occupational health examination of workers in the previous year were 1.7%-51.9% and 15.9%-77.3% respectively,the coverage rate of occupational health training for enterprise leaders were 42.9%-92.2% and 58.3%-93.6% respectively,the coverage rate of occupational health training for occupational health management personnel were 51.4%-92.2% and 64.6%-95.7% respectively,the coverage rate of occupational health training for workers were 51.4%-88.2% and 58.3%-92.7% respectively,the occupational health training rate of workers were 47.5%-83.6% and 47.1%-89.1% respectively,and all showed an increasing trend with the year（all P<0.05）. In 2020 and 2021,the noise qualification rate of micro enterprises was significantly higher than that of small enterprises,and in 2022,the noise qualification rate of micro enterprises was significantly lower than that of small enterprises. In 2021,the issuance rates of anti-dust respirator and anti-noise earplugs in micro enterprises were significantly lower than those in small enterprises. In 2023,the standard wearing rate of anti-noise in micro enterprises and the coverage rate of occupational health examination in the previous year were significantly lower than those in small enterprises. In 2020,2021 and 2023,the occupational health examination rate of workers in micro enterprises in the previous year was significantly lower than that in small enterprises（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The dust qualification rate of stone processing enterprises in Guangxi increase gradually from 2020 to 2023,the noise exceeds the standard seriously,which has a large potential occupational disease hazard. The enterprises are paying more and more attention to occupational health management,but there are still management deficiencies,especially micro enterprises,and occupational health supervision and technical guidance should be strengthened.

Key words: Stone processing, Monitoring of occupational hazards, Occupational health management