高血压前期人群疾病风险感知及健康干预意愿影响因素分析

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 356-362.

高血压前期人群疾病风险感知及健康干预意愿影响因素分析

徐娟^1,2, 蔺曜², 何昭霞², 宁家琼², 孙亮¹

1.郑州大学公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理系,河南郑州 450001;
2.成都市温江区人民医院健康管理中心,四川成都 611130

收稿日期:2024-05-11 修回日期:2024-05-20 出版日期:2025-02-01 发布日期:2025-12-17
通信作者: 孙亮,副教授,E-mail：zzusunl@163.com;蔺曜,主任医师,E-mail：linyao611135@163.com
作者简介:徐娟,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为慢性病健康管理。
基金资助:
四川省科技厅（23NSFSC1218）

Analysis on factors influencing disease risk perception and health intervention intention in prehypertensive population

XU Juan^1,2, LIN Yao², HE Zhaoxia², NING Jiaqiong², SUN Liang¹

1. Department of Social Medicine and Health Management,School of Public Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450001,China;
2. Health Management Center,Wenjiang District People's Hospital,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130,China

Received:2024-05-11 Revised:2024-05-20 Online:2025-02-01 Published:2025-12-17
Contact: SUN Liang,Associate professor,E-mail：zzusunl@163.com;LIN Yao,Chief physician,E-mail：linyao611135@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查高血压前期人群疾病风险感知及健康干预意愿现状,分析相关影响因素,为促进高血压一级预防提供依据。方法选取于2023年7—12月在成都市温江区人民医院健康管理中心进行健康检查的562例高血压前期人群为调查对象,采用自制的一般资料调查问卷、生活方式问卷、疾病风险感知及健康干预意愿量表进行调查,构建高血压前期人群健康干预意愿影响因素的结构方程路径分析模型。使用 SPSS 26.0和AMOS 24.0软件进行统计分析和结构方程路径分析模型的构建、拟合和评价。结果高血压前期人群中有379人愿意进行健康干预,183人不愿意进行健康干预。疾病风险感知得分平均为（111.20±8.66）分,生活方式得分平均为（68.59±11.77）分。单因素分析结果显示,高血压前期人群健康干预意愿在不同性别、年龄、收缩压、舒张压、体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）、文化程度、婚姻状态、职业、居住情况、健康状态及高血压家族史方面差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。相关分析结果显示,易感性、严重性、益处、健康动力、自我效能及生活方式与健康干预意愿均呈正相关（均P<0.01）,障碍与健康干预意愿呈负相关（P<0.01）。路径分析模型拟合较好,拟合结果显示,疾病风险感知、职业、健康状态、生活方式及高血压家族史对健康干预意愿产生直接影响,性别、年龄、文化程度、舒张压均对健康干预意愿产生间接影响（均P<0.01）。结论高血压前期人群的健康干预意愿受多种因素影响,其中性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、高血压家族史、疾病风险感知及生活方式是高血压前期人群健康干预意愿的重要影响因素。

关键词: 高血压前期, 疾病风险感知, 生活方式, 健康干预意愿

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current situation of disease risk perception and health intervention intention among prehypertensive population,analyze relevant influencing factors,and provide a basis for promoting primary prevention of hypertension. Methods Totally 562 individuals with prehypertension who underwent health examinations at the Health Management Center of Wenjiang District People's Hospital in Chengdu City from July to December 2023 were selected. A self-made general information survey questionnaire,lifestyle questionnaire,disease risk perception,and health intervention intention scale were used for the survey to construct a structural equation path analysis model for the influencing factors of health intervention intention in the prehypertension population. SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0 software were used for statistical analysis and the construction,fitting,and evaluation of a structural equation path analysis model. Results Among the prehypertensive population,379 people were willing to undergo health intervention,while 183 people were unwilling to undergo health intervention. The average score of disease risk perception was （111.20±8.66）points,and the average score of lifestyle was （68.59±11.77）points. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in health intervention intention among prehypertensive population in terms of gender,age,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,body mass index（BMI）,education level,marital status,occupation,residential situation,health status,and family history of hypertension（all P<0.05）. The correlation analysis results showed that the susceptibility,severity,benefits,health motivation,self-efficacy and lifestyle were positively correlated with health intervention intention（all P<0.05）,while the obstacle was negatively correlated with health intervention intention（P<0.01）. The path analysis model fits well,and the fitting results showed that the disease risk perception,occupation,health status,lifestyle,and family history of hypertension have a direct impact on health intervention intention,while the gender,age,education level,and diastolic blood pressure have an indirect impact on health intervention intention（all P<0.01）. Conclusion The health intervention intention of prehypertensive population is influenced by various factors,among which gender,age,educational level,occupation,family history of hypertension,disease risk perception,and lifestyle are important influencing factors of health intervention intention in prehypertensive population.

Key words: Prehypertension, Disease risk perception, Lifestyle, Health intervention intention

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺7

徐娟, 蔺曜, 何昭霞, 宁家琼, 孙亮. 高血压前期人群疾病风险感知及健康干预意愿影响因素分析. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(3): 356-362.

XU Juan, LIN Yao, HE Zhaoxia, NING Jiaqiong, SUN Liang. Analysis on factors influencing disease risk perception and health intervention intention in prehypertensive population. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(3): 356-362.

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