关键词: 乳化炸药地面混装, 职业病危害, 关键控制点

Abstract: Objective To understand the distribution and exposure level of occupational disease hazards generated during the production process of emulsion explosives mixing and assembling,and to determine the key control points of occupational disease hazards in the production process of this industry. Methods From May to June 2023,the on-site mixed production process of 100 00 ton emulsion explosives in a civil explosive company in Yulin City was selected as the investigation object. According to the national occupational health sampling analysis standard specifications,comprehensive research methods such as occupational health on-site investigation,system engineering analysis,and occupational health testing were used to conduct on-site investigation and testing,and the data were analyzed. Results The main occupational hazard factors generated during the on-site mixed production process of the emulsion explosive wereother dusts（ammonium nitrate dust）,nitrogenoxides,ammonia,dieselandnois.The concentration of ammonia in the workplace during the on-site mixing process of emulsion explosives was 0.4-1.2 mg/m³,the concentration of nitrogenoxides was <0.02 mg/m³,and the concentration of other dusts was 1.9 mg/m³,and the qualified rate were 100.0%.The sound level of work site noise was 70.6-89.9 dB（A）,and the qualified rate was 85.7%. Conclusion The key control positions of this emulsion explosives on-site mixing production process are feeder and emulsifier,and the key control points are ammonium nitrate feeding and emulsification preparation process. Production enterprises should optimize protective measures for high noise,high toxicity,and dust workplaces,ensure proper receive and management of personal protective equipment,and regularly conduct occupational health examination for employees.

Key words: Emulsion explosives field mixing, Occupational hazards, Critical control points