2023年乌鲁木齐市市售花生中黄曲霉毒素B1污染状况与膳食暴露风险

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (8): 1041-1044.

2023年乌鲁木齐市市售花生中黄曲霉毒素B1污染状况与膳食暴露风险

古丽米娜·阿力木¹, 杨雪丽², 田家磊², 李方²

1.新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830011;
2.新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心理化所,新疆乌鲁木齐 830002

收稿日期:2024-08-19 修回日期:2024-09-09 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-12-18
通信作者: 李方,副主任医师,E-mail：115144679@qq.com
作者简介:古丽米娜·阿力木,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为食品安全风险评估。
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金（2020D01C083）

Aflatoxins B1 pollution and dietary exposure risk of commercially sold peanuts in Urumqi in 2023

Gulimina Alimu¹, YANG Xueli², TIAN Jialei², LI Fang²

1. School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;
2. Physical and Chemical Institute,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China

Received:2024-08-19 Revised:2024-09-09 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-12-18
Contact: LI Fang,Associate chief physician,E-mail：115144679@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解乌鲁木齐市市售花生中黄曲霉毒素B1（afatoxin B1,AFB1）的污染状况,评估居民经花生摄入AFB1的暴露水平。方法 2023—2024年于乌鲁木齐市的农贸市场、商店、超市、网店等场所随机采集花生共计100份样品,采用60%浓度的甲醇与水混合提取花生样本中的AFB1,并进行1∶12的稀释处理,采用酶联免疫吸附法（enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA）对样本中AFB1含量进行检测。结合2023—2024年乌鲁木齐市居民花生消费量调查结果,评估居民经花生摄入AFB1的暴露水平。结果 100份花生样品中共57份检出AFB1,检出率为57.00%,均值为1.22 μg/kg,中位数为0.88 μg/kg,花生食品总体合格率为97.00%。暴露评估结果显示,乌鲁木齐市居民经花生摄入AFB1平均膳食暴露量为0.022 5 ng/kg bw/d,暴露边界值（measure of effectiveness,MOE）为21 510。结论乌鲁木齐市市售花生中存在AFB1污染,乌鲁木齐市居民经花生摄入AFB1膳食暴露风险MOE>10 000,表明乌鲁木齐地区居民花生AFB1膳食暴露风险比较低,但仍需提高警惕。

关键词: 黄曲霉毒素B1, 酶联免疫吸附法, 污染调查, 暴露评估

Abstract: Objective To investigate the pollution status of afatoxin B1（AFB1） in commercially sold peanuts in Urumqi,evaluate the exposure level of residents to AFB1 after ingestion of peanuts. Methods A total of 100 peanut samples were randomly collected from farmers' markets,stores,supermarkets,online shops and other places in Urumqi from 2023 to 2024. AFB1 in peanut samples was extracted by mixing 60% concentration of methanol with water,and 1∶12 dilution treatment was performed. The content of AFB1 in the samples was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Based on the survey results of residents' peanut consumption in Urumqi from 2023 to 2024,the exposure level of residents to AFB1 through peanut ingestion was evaluated. Results AFB1 was detected in 57 out of 100 peanut samples,the detection rate was 57%,the mean was 1.22 μg/kg,and the median was 0.88 μg/kg. The overall qualified rate of peanut food was 97.00%. The results of exposure assessment showed that the average dietary exposure of Urumqi residents to AFB1 ingested by peanuts was 0.022 5 ng/kg bw/d,and the measure of effectiveness（MOE） of exposure was 21 510. Conclusion There is AFB1 pollution in commercially sold peanuts in Urumqi,and the dietary exposure risk MOE of Urumqi residents to AFB1 through intake of peanuts is >10 000,indicating that the dietary exposure risk of Urumqi residents to peanutAFB1is relatively low,but it is still necessary to be vigilant.

Key words: Aflatoxin B1, Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, Pollution survey, Exposure assessment

中图分类号:

R155

古丽米娜·阿力木, 杨雪丽, 田家磊, 李方. 2023年乌鲁木齐市市售花生中黄曲霉毒素B1污染状况与膳食暴露风险. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(8): 1041-1044.

Gulimina Alimu, YANG Xueli, TIAN Jialei, LI Fang. Aflatoxins B1 pollution and dietary exposure risk of commercially sold peanuts in Urumqi in 2023. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(8): 1041-1044.

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