新疆乙型流感病毒Victoria 系NA基因特征分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的对新疆14株乙型流感病毒Victoria系的NA基因进化变异特征进行分析，掌握其进化特性和变异规律，为新疆流行性感冒（流感）防控提供一定的参考依据。方法根据《全国流感监测方案》（2017版）的监测要求进行标本采集、病毒分离和鉴定及毒株上送复核，对2023—2024年监测年度新疆14株乙型流感病毒Victoria系的NA基因进行测序，通过生物信息软件分析基因特征。结果新疆分离的14株B型Victoria系与WHO公布的北半球2023—2024年的疫苗株B/Austria/1359417/2021同属于V1A.3a.2分支。14株新疆B型Victoria系NA基因遗传距离范围0.000~0.012，与疫苗株B/Austria/1359417/2021遗传距离范围0.007~0.010。14株流感病毒NA基因核苷酸同源性为98.8%~100.0%，与疫苗株相比核苷酸同源性为99.0%~99.2%。14株流感病毒NA基因氨基酸同源性为98.0%~100.0%，与疫苗株相比核苷酸同源性为98.2%~99.3%。14株流感病毒的NA氨基酸位点发生了13处替换。与历年疫苗株相比，新疆14株流感病毒共享4个糖基化位点。结论 2023—2024流感监测年度新疆流行的乙型流感病毒Victoria系与疫苗株同源性较高，说明与疫苗株的匹配度较高。未发生耐药位点的变异，但是糖基化位点的改变仍需要引起关注，该改变是否会影响NA抑制剂的作用，仍需进一步研究。

关键词: 乙型流感病毒, Victoria系, NA基因

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the NA gene evolution and variation characteristics of 14 strains of influenza B virus Victoria in Xinjiang，and to master its evolutionary characteristics and variation rules，so as to provide certain scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza in Xinjiang. Methods According to the surveillance requirements of the National Influenza Surveillance Program（2017 edition），the specimen collection，virus isolation and identification，and strain submission for review were carried out. The NA genes of 14 strains of influenza B virus Victoria in Xinjiang from 2023 to 2024 were sequenced，and the genetic characteristics were analyzed by bioinformation software. Results The 14 strains of type B Victoria isolated from Xinjiang belonged to the V1A.3a2 branch of vaccine strain B/Austria/1359417/2021 published by WHO in the Northern hemisphere in 2023-2024. The genetic distance of NA gene from 14 Xinjiang B Victoria strains ranged from 0 to 0.012，and from vaccine strain B/Austria/1359417/2021 ranged from 0.007 to 0.010. The nucleotide homology of NA gene of 14 strains of influenza virus was 98.8%~100.0%，which was 99.0%-99.2% compared with vaccine strains. The amino acid homology of NA gene of 14 strains of influenza virus was 98.0%-100.0%，and the nucleotide homology was 98.2%-99.3% compared with vaccine strains. There were 13 substitutions at NA amino acid sites in 14 strains of influenza virus. Compared with previous vaccine strains，14 strains of influenza virus in Xinjiang share four glycosylation sites. Conclusions The Victoria strain of influenza B virus circulating in Xinjiang in the influenza surveillance year of 2023-2024 has high homology with the vaccine strain，indicating a high degree of matching with the vaccine strain. No mutation of drug resistance sites occurred，but the change of glycosylation sites still needs attention. Whether this change will affect the effect of NA inhibitors still needs further study.

Key words: Influenza B virus, Victoria lineage, NA gene

中图分类号:

R373.1⁺3

张璇, 陈媛, 黄佳, 李泉希, 米日扎提·努尔买买提, 马鑫. 新疆乙型流感病毒Victoria 系NA基因特征分析. [J]职业与健康, 2026, 42(4): 470-475.

ZHANG Xuan, CHEN Yuan, HUANG Jia, LI Quanxi, Mirizhati Nuermaimaiti, MA Xin. Analysis on NA gene characterization of influenza B virus Victoria lineage in Xinjiang. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2026, 42(4): 470-475.

图/表 7

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序号	毒株名称	序号
序号	毒株名称	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15
1	B/Xingjiang/11149/2023
2	B/Xingjiang/174/2024	0.012
3	B/Xingjiang/116/2024	0.009	0.002
4	B/Xingjiang/11411/2023	0.009	0.002	<0.001
5	B/Xingjiang/134/2024	0.010	0.003	0.001	0.001
6	B/Xingjiang/169/2024	0.010	0.003	0.001	0.001	0.001
7	B/Xingjiang/14001/2024	0.009	0.002	<0.001	<0.001	0.001	0.001
8	B/Xingjiang/1720/2024	0.008	0.011	0.009	0.009	0.009	0.009	0.009
9	B/Xingjiang/16/2024	0.012	0.004	0.002	0.002	0.003	0.003	0.002	0.011
10	B/Xingjiang/187/2024	0.011	0.004	0.001	0.001	0.002	0.002	0.001	0.010	0.004
11	B/Xingjiang/111/2024	0.009	0.002	<0.001	<0.001	0.001	0.001	<0.001	0.009	0.002	0.001
12	B/Xingjiang/1123/2024	0.010	0.003	0.001	0.001	0.001	<0.001	0.001	0.009	0.003	0.002	0.001
13	B/Xingjiang/114/2024	0.012	0.004	0.002	0.002	0.003	0.003	0.002	0.011	0.004	0.004	0.002	0.003
14	B/Xingjiang/1470/2024	0.007	0.010	0.008	0.008	0.009	0.009	0.008	0.002	0.010	0.009	0.008	0.009	0.010
15	B/Austria/1359417/2021	0.009	0.010	0.008	0.008	0.009	0.009	0.008	0.008	0.010	0.009	0.008	0.009	0.010	0.007

序号	毒株名称	序号
序号	毒株名称	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15
1	B/Xingjiang/11149/2023
2	B/Xingjiang/174/2024	0.012
3	B/Xingjiang/116/2024	0.009	0.002
4	B/Xingjiang/11411/2023	0.009	0.002	<0.001
5	B/Xingjiang/134/2024	0.010	0.003	0.001	0.001
6	B/Xingjiang/169/2024	0.010	0.003	0.001	0.001	0.001
7	B/Xingjiang/14001/2024	0.009	0.002	<0.001	<0.001	0.001	0.001
8	B/Xingjiang/1720/2024	0.008	0.011	0.009	0.009	0.009	0.009	0.009
9	B/Xingjiang/16/2024	0.012	0.004	0.002	0.002	0.003	0.003	0.002	0.011
10	B/Xingjiang/187/2024	0.011	0.004	0.001	0.001	0.002	0.002	0.001	0.010	0.004
11	B/Xingjiang/111/2024	0.009	0.002	<0.001	<0.001	0.001	0.001	<0.001	0.009	0.002	0.001
12	B/Xingjiang/1123/2024	0.010	0.003	0.001	0.001	0.001	<0.001	0.001	0.009	0.003	0.002	0.001
13	B/Xingjiang/114/2024	0.012	0.004	0.002	0.002	0.003	0.003	0.002	0.011	0.004	0.004	0.002	0.003
14	B/Xingjiang/1470/2024	0.007	0.010	0.008	0.008	0.009	0.009	0.008	0.002	0.010	0.009	0.008	0.009	0.010
15	B/Austria/1359417/2021	0.009	0.010	0.008	0.008	0.009	0.009	0.008	0.008	0.010	0.009	0.008	0.009	0.010	0.007

毒株号	糖基化位点
毒株号	56-58	64-66	144-146	284-286
B/Xinjiang/11149/2023	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/174/2024	NAS	NLS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/116/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/11411/2023	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/134/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/169/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/14001/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/1720/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/16/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/187/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/111/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/1123/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/114/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/1470/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Washington/02/2019	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Austria/1359417/2021	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Colorado/06/2017	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Brisbane/60/2008	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT

毒株号	糖基化位点
毒株号	56-58	64-66	144-146	284-286
B/Xinjiang/11149/2023	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/174/2024	NAS	NLS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/116/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/11411/2023	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/134/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/169/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/14001/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/1720/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/16/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/187/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/111/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/1123/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/114/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Xinjiang/1470/2024	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Washington/02/2019	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Austria/1359417/2021	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Colorado/06/2017	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT
B/Brisbane/60/2008	NAS	NRS	NGT	NKT