职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 496-500.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2005—2023年腾冲市丙型肝炎流行特征分析及趋势预测

武金聪, 席蓉, 蔡文斌(), 杨开芬, 李成胜, 赵珍   

  1. 腾冲市疾病预防控制中心,云南 腾冲 679100
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-18 修回日期:2025-05-26 出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2026-02-13
  • 通信作者: 蔡文斌,E-mail:tcjkcwb@163.com
  • 作者简介:武金聪,女,主治医师,主要从事传染病控制相关工作。

Epidemiological characteristics and trend prediction of hepatitis C in Tengchong City from 2005 to 2023

WU Jincong, XI Rong, CAI Wenbin(), YANG Kaifen, LI Chengsheng, ZHAO Zhen   

  1. Tengchong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tengchong,Yunnan 679100,China
  • Received:2025-05-18 Revised:2025-05-26 Online:2026-02-15 Published:2026-02-13
  • Contact: CAI Wenbin,E-mail:tcjkcwb@163.com

摘要:

目的 分析腾冲市丙型病毒性肝炎(丙肝)流行特征,为制定丙肝防控措施提供数据参考。方法 采用描述流行病学方法分析2005—2023年腾冲市报告的丙肝病例流行特征,应用指数平滑法建立模型,预测2024—2026年腾冲市丙肝发病趋势。结果 2005—2023年腾冲市新报告丙肝病例3 408例,年平均发病率27.55/10万,年平均增长率22.36%,2012年发病率最高为46.13/10万,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2趋势=174.336,P<0.01),总体呈上升趋势。死亡35例,病死率1.03%,年平均死亡率0.28/10万;报告确诊病例2 147例,占63.0%;每年月均有病例报告,集中度M=0.056,季节特征不明显;男女比例为1.683∶1,男性年平均发病率高于女性(χ2=160.584,P<0.01);30~<60岁组报告病例2 273例,占66.70%,不同年份年龄构成比比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2趋势=155.521,P<0.01)。职业以农民为主,报告2 728例,占77.79%;滇摊镇、猴桥镇、明光镇、腾越街道和荷花镇年均报告发病率居前5位,分别为145.16/10万、100.07/10万、38.47/10万、37.06/10万和26.44/10万,各乡镇年平均发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=267.942,P<0.01);2024—2026年预测发病率分别为30.67/10万、31.35/10万、32.54/10万,较2023年有所上升。结论 2005—2023年腾冲市丙肝疫情总体呈上升趋势,根据流行病学特征及预测情况应加强重点区域重点人群的宣传和干预,积极探索防控新模式,力争实现消除丙肝公共卫生危害目标。

关键词: 丙型病毒性肝炎, 流行特征, 发病率, 指数平滑法, 趋势预测

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C in Tengchong City,provide the data reference for the formulation of hepatitis C prevention and control measures. Methods The describe epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the reported hepatitis C cases in Tengchong City from 2005 to 2023,and the exponential smoothing method was used to establish a model to predict the incidence trend of hepatitis C in Tengchong City from 2024 to 2026. Results From 2005 to 2023,3 408 new cases of hepatitis C were reported in Tengchong City,with an average annual incidence rate of 27.55/100 000 and an average annual growth rate of 22.36%. The highest incidence rate in 2012 was 46.13/100 000,and there was statistically significant difference in incidence among different years(χ2trend=174.336,P<0.01),presenting the overall upward trend. There were 35 deaths,with a case fatality rate of 1.03% and an average annual mortality rate of 0.28/100 000. A total of 2 147 confirmed cases were reported,accounting for 63.0%. The cases were reported in every month and every year,the concentration was M=0.056,and the seasonal characteristics were not obvious. The male-to-female ratio was 1.683:1,and the average annual incidence rate of males was higher than that of females(χ2=160.584,P<0.01). A total of 2 273 cases were reported in the 30-<60 years old group,accounting for 66.70%,and the difference in age composition ratio among different years was statistically significant(χ2trend=155.521,P<0.01). The occupation was mainly farmers,with 2 728 cases reported,accounting for 77.79%. The average annual reported incidence rates of Diantan Town,Houqiao Town,Mingguang Town,and Tengyue Street ranked among the top four,which were 145.16/100 000,100.07/100 000,38.47/100 000 and 38.47/100 000,and the difference in the average annual incidence rate among different township was statistically significant(χ2=267.942,P<0.01). The predicted incidence rates from 2024 to 2026 will be 30.67/100 000,31.35/100 000,and 32.54/100 000,respectively,which is higher than that in 2023. Conclusions From 2005 to 2023,the hepatitis C epidemic in Tengchong City shows an overall upward trend. According to the epidemiological characteristics and predictions,publicity and intervention should be strengthened for key populations in key areas,and new modes of prevention and control should be actively explored,so as to achieve the goal of eliminating the public health hazards of hepatitis C.

Key words: Viral hepatitis C, Epidemiological characteristics, Incidence rate, Exponential smoothing method, Trend forecasting

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