关键词: 中药材, 重金属检测, 电感耦合等离子原子发射光谱法, 重金属污染, 健康风险评估

Abstract: Objective To determine the six heavy metals[arsenic（As），copper（Cu），cadmium（Cd），lead（Pb），chromium（Cr） and nickel（Ni）] in 24 Chinese medicinal materials，conduct the health risk assessment. Methods The 24 kinds of heavy metals commonly found in the Yinchuan market collected during 2020 were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer （ICP-OES） method to determine the content of six kinds of heavy metals. The data were analyzed according to WM/T 2-2004 the Green trade standards of importing and exporting medicinal plants and preparations and the 2015 edition of the Chinese pharmacopoeia（part one）. According to the theory of health risk assessment，the health risk of heavy metals to human body was analyzed step by step. Results Each element presented a good linear relationship（r>0.999），the recovery rates were 80%-120%，indicating that the method was accurate and reliable. The detection of heavy metals showed that the content of As in Dried ginger was up to 1.183 mg/kg，and there were no samples that exceeded the standard. The content of Cu in Alisma orientalis was the highest（15.962 mg/kg），and there were no samples that exceeded the standard. The content of Pb in Stephania tetrandrawas the highest（4.606 mg/kg），and there were no samples that exceeded the standard. The content of Cd in Lily the highest（1.436 mg/kg），with the exceeding rate of 23.4%. The content of Cr in Chrysanthemum the highest（15.386 mg/kg），with the exceeding rate of 64.7%. The content of Ni in Honeysuckle the highest（4.689 mg/kg），with the exceeding rate of 28.6%. The elements were analyzed separately，the HI value of six heavy metals was <1，which had little effect on human health. The analysis of comprehensive hazard index showed that the all Chinese medicinal materials are polluted by different levels of heavy metals，and the order of health risk was Honeysuckle>Ginger>Lily>Chrysanthemum>Rhizoma Chuanxiong>Alisma orientalis>Rhizoma Atractylodis macrocephalae>Bletilla striata>Radix et Rhizoma codonopsis>Chinses angelica>Rhizoma et Radix fritillariae>Licorice>Scaphium scaphigerum>Pueraria lobata>Angelica dahurica>Ginseng>Stephania tetrandra>Radix paeoniae alba >Gastrodia elata >Achyranthes bidentata>Rhizoma pinelliae ginger>Chinese yam>Radix trichosanthin>Radix asparagi. Conclusion It is more reasonable and accurate to evaluate heavy metals in 24 Chinese medicinal materials by health risk assessment based on intake，but the standard limit values of Cr and Ni in Chinese medicinal materials need to be further studied and discussed.

Key words: Chinese medicinal materials, Heavy metal detection, Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, Heavy metal pollution, Health risk assessment