关键词: 高原部队, 军事训练伤, 影响因素, 致伤特点, Meta分析

Abstract: Objective Based on the investigation and analysis of military training injuries（MTI） in high-altitude troops,this study aims to explore the influencing factors and injury characteristics,in order to provide reference for future related investigations and research as well as the prevention and treatment of MTI in high-altitude troops. Method Review Manager 5.3 software was used to organize and analyze the relevant investigation and research on MTI of high-altitude troops in China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）,VIP,and Wanfang databases. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to February 2024. A systematic evaluation was conducted based on different influencing factors and injury characteristics. Results A total of 27 articles were included,with a total of 14 766 cases of MTI. Meta-analysis results showed that the combined incidence of MTI was 19%. The results of subgroup analysis of various influencing factors showed that the incidence rate of cadres（RD=0.14, 95%CI：-0.18-0.46） was lower than that of conscripts（RD=0.22,95%CI：-0.18-0.62） and non-commissioned officers（RD=0.23,95%CI：0.17-0.63）,the incidence rate of military sources in cities（RD=0.17,95% CI：-0.35-0.68） was lower than that in rural areas （RD=0.22,95%CI：-0.34-0.78）,the incidence of college degree and below（RD=0.30,95%CI：-0.19-0.78）was higher than undergraduate and above（RD=0.17,95%CI：-0.30-0.63）,the incidence rate was highest at an altitude of 3 000-<4 000 m（RD=0.23,95%CI：-0.00-0.47）,followed by≥4 000 m（RD=0.18,95%CI：-0.18-0.54） and 2 000-<3 000 m（RD=0.09,95%CI：-0.31-0.49）. The highest incidence rate was observed in 2016-2024（RD=0.25,95%CI：-0.08-0.57）,followed by before 2005（RD=0.17,95%CI：-0.06-0.39） and 2006-2015（RD=0.16,95%CI：-0.07-0.39）. There was no statistically significant difference in age and body mass index（BMI） between the MTI group and the normal group（both P>0.05）,and warm-up before training was a factor affecting MTI（P<0.05）. The highest proportion of injury sites was in the upper limbs,followed by the trunk,lower limbs,and head and neck. The highest proportion of injury types was soft tissue injury,followed by bone and joint injury,other injuries,and organ injury. In recent years,the proportion of soft tissue injury had gradually increased,while other injuries had relatively decreased. The highest proportion of injury training was physical training,followed by professional technical training,tactical training,and other common subjects. The highest proportion of injury causing factors was found in group training factors,followed by individual factors and environmental factors. Conclusion There are many influencing factors for MTI of officers and soldiers at high altitude,among which warm-up before training can effectively prevent their occurrence,and the prevalence rate of compulsory soldiers,college education,rural soldiers,Xizang and other regions,high training intensity is higher. In addition,the site of injury is concentrated in the upper limbs,with soft tissue injury as the main type of injury. The injury training is mostly physical training,and the injury factors are mostly group training factors.

Key words: Plateau troops, Military training injuries, Influencing factors, Injury characteristics, Meta analysis