心内科医务人员积极应对方式和心理资本对职业紧张与职业疲劳的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解四川省6所三级甲等医院心内科医务人员职业紧张对职业疲劳的影响,以及心理资本与应对方式在其中的中介作用,为降低医务人员职业疲劳提供参考依据。方法于2021年11—12月采用方便抽样法,使用一般资料问卷、职业紧张量表、心理资本量表、积极应对方式量表和职业疲劳量表对四川省6所三级甲等医院267名心内科医务人员进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 267名三级甲等医院心内科医务人员职业紧张得分为（46.53±14.86）分,心理资本得分为（97.13±14.74）分,积极应对方式得分为（33.47±7.59）分,职业疲劳得分为（7.05±2.54）分。三级甲等医院心内科医务人员职业紧张总分及各维度得分与职业疲劳总分及各维度得分均呈正相关（r=0.176~0.682,均P<0.05）,心理资本总分及各维度得分与职业疲劳总分及各维度得分均呈负相关（r=-0.182~-0.640,均P<0.05）,积极应对方式总分与职业疲劳总分及各维度得分均呈负相关（r=-0.285~-0.594,均P<0.05）。心内科医务人员心理资本在职业紧张和职业疲劳间起部分中介作用,中介效应为0.088,占总效应的15.12%;积极应对方式在职业紧张和职业疲劳间起部分中介作用,中介效应为0.110,占总效应的18.90%;心理资本、积极应对方式在职业紧张和职业疲劳间起到链式中介作用,中介效应为0.036,占总效应的6.19%。结论四川省6所三级甲等医院心内科医务人员职业疲劳感处于中等水平,职业紧张可分别通过心理资本与应对方式的中介作用及链式中介作用间接影响其职业疲劳。

关键词: 医务人员, 职业紧张, 心理资本, 积极应对方式, 职业疲劳, 中介作用

Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of occupational stress on occupational fatigue among cardiology medical staff in six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province,analyze the mediating role of psychological capital and coping style,so as to provide reference for reducing the occupational fatigue of medical staff. Methods From November to December 2021,a convenient sampling method was used to collect 267 medical workers of cardiology department in six grade-A tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province,and a questionnaire investigation was coducted by the general information questionnaire,occupational stress scale,psychological capital scale,positive coping style scale and occupational fatigue scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of occupational stress,psychological capital,positive coping style amd occupational fatigue of 267 medical workers of cardiology department in grade-A tertiary hospitals were （46.53±14.86）,（97.13±14.74）,（33.47±7.59） and （7.05±2.54）points,respectively. The total score of occupational stress and the scores of each dimension were positively correlated with the total score of occupational fatigue and the scores of each dimension（r=0.176-0.682,all P<0.05）,the total score of psychological capital and the scores of each dimension were negatively correlated with the total score of occupational fatigue and scores of each dimension （r=-0.182--0.640,all P<0.05）,and the total score of positive coping style was negatively correlated with the total score of occupational fatigue and the scores of each dimension（r=-0.285--0.594,all P<0.05）. The psychological capital of medical workers in cardiology department played a partial mediating role between occupational stress and occupational fatigue,and the mediating effect was 0.088,accounting for 15.12 % of the total effect. The positive coping style played a partial mediating role between occupational stress and occupational fatigue,and the mediating effect was 0.110,accounting for 18.90 % of the total effect. The psychological capital and positive coping style played a chain mediating role between occupational stress and occupational fatigue,and the mediating effect was 0.036,accounting for 6.19 % of the total effect. Conclusion The occupational fatigue of medical workers in cardiology department in six grade-A tertiary hospitals of Sichuan Province is at a medium level,and occupational stress can indirectly affect occupational fatigue through the mediating effect and the chain mediating effect of psychological capital and coping style.

Key words: Medical staff, Occupational stress, Psychological capital, Positive coping style, Occupational fatigue, Mediating effect

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

黄怡. 心内科医务人员积极应对方式和心理资本对职业紧张与职业疲劳的影响. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(4): 457-462.

HUANG Yi. Effect of positive coping style and psychological capital on occupational stress and occupational fatigue of cardiology medical staff. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(4): 457-462.

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