济南市某三级甲等医院临床护士心理一致感、情绪劳动及工作倦怠的相关分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解临床护士心理一致感、情绪劳动与工作倦怠之间的关系。方法采用方便抽样法,于2022年3—4月在山东省济南市某三级甲等医院抽取234名一线临床工作护士作为调查对象,采用一般情况调查表、心理一致感量表、情绪劳动量表和工作倦怠量表对其进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果临床护士心理一致感、情绪劳动和工作倦怠得分分别为（57.50±11.10）（51.79±8.42）和（63.10±16.75）分;不同年龄、工作年限、职称、每月夜班次数、工作强度感受及工作满意度的护士心理一致感得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;不同聘用形式、每周加班次数、工作满意度的护士情绪劳动得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;不同婚育状况、工作年限、每周加班次数、工作满意度的护士工作倦怠得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;临床护士心理一致感与情绪劳动和工作倦怠均呈负相关（r=-0.215、-0.428,均P<0.01）,情绪劳动与工作倦怠呈正相关（r=0.255,P<0.01）;临床护士心理一致感在情绪劳动与工作倦怠间起部分中介效应,中介效应为0.084,占总效应的33.1%。结论济南市某三级甲等医院临床护士心理一致感、情绪劳动与工作倦怠之间存在相关性,心理一致感在情绪劳动与工作倦怠间起部分中介效应,提高护士心理一致感水平有助于缓解其情绪劳动及工作倦怠。

关键词: 临床护士, 心理一致感, 情绪劳动, 工作倦怠

Abstract: Objective To analyze the relationship between psychological agreement,emotional labor and job burnout among clinical nurses. Methods A total of 234 front-line clinical nurses were selected from a grade-A tertiary hospital in Jinan City of Shandong Province from March to April in 2022 by convenient sampling method. They were investigated by general condition questionnaire,psychological agreement scale,emotional labor scale and job burnout scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of psychological agreement,emotional labor and job burnout in clinical nurses were （57.50±11.10）,（51.79±8.42） and （63.10±16.75）points,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of psychological agreement among nurses of different age,working years,professional title,monthly night shift frequency,work intensity and job satisfaction（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of emotional labor among nurses of different employment form,weekly overtime times and job satisfaction（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of job burnout among nurses of different marital status,working years,weekly overtime times and job satisfaction（all P<0.05）. The psychological agreement of clinical nurses was negatively correlated with emotional labor and job burnou（r=-0.215,-0.428,both P<0.01）,and emotional labor was positively correlated with job burnout（r=0.255,P<0.01）. The psychological agreement of clinical nurses played a part of intermediary effect between emotional labor and job burnout,and the mediating effect was 0.084,accounting for 33.1% of the total effect. Conclusion There is a correlation between psychological agreement,emotional labor and job burnout among clinical nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Jinan City,psychological agreement has a partial mediating effect between emotional labor and job burnout,and improving the level of psychological agreement can help relieve the level of emotional labor and job burnout.

Key words: Clinical nurse, Psychological agreement, Emotional labor, Job burnout

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

苏韩娜, 于君, 张庚赞, 王晓悦, 毕翠敏. 济南市某三级甲等医院临床护士心理一致感、情绪劳动及工作倦怠的相关分析. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(6): 721-726.

SU Han-na, YU Jun, ZHANG Geng-zan, WANG Xiao-yue, BI Cui-min. Correlation analysis of psychological agreement,emotional labor and job burnout among clinical nurses in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Jinan City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(6): 721-726.

参考文献

[1] FREUDENBERGER H J.The issues of staff burnout in therapeutic communities[J].J Psychoactive Drugs,1986,18(3):247-251.
[2] MASLACH C,SCHAUFELI W B,LEITER M P.Job burnout[J].Ann Rev Psycho,2001,52(1):397-422.
[3] 胡宇凡,胡英莉,薛宇宁,等.急诊科护士情绪劳动现状及其对工作投入的影响[J].中华现代护理杂志,2020,26(15):1972-1976.
[4] ANTONOVSKY A.The structure and properties of the sense of coherence scale[J].Soc Sci Med,1993,36(6):725-733.
[5] 曾榕,磨丽莉,周芳珍,等.焦虑症缓解期患者的心理一致感及其影响因素调查分析[J].内科,2020,15(5):545-548.
[6] GARRETT E,DARLENE K.A new look at nurse burnout:The effects of environmental uncertainty and social climate[J].J Nurs Admin,2001,31(2):91-96.
[7] 包蕾萍,刘俊升.心理一致感量表(SOC-13)中文版的修订[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2005,13(4):399-401.
[8] 骆宏,孙庆龄,顾利慧.护士情绪工作能力对职业倦怠的影响研究[J].中华护理杂志,2008,43(11):969-971.
[9] 陈素坤.临床心理护理指导[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,2001:207-218.
[10] 温忠麟.张雷,侯杰泰,等.中介效应检验程序及其应用[J].心理学报,2004,36(5):614-620.
[11] 宋艳辉.心理一致感在精神科护士社会支持与睡眠质量间的中介作用探究[D].青岛:青岛大学,2021.
[12] ERIKSSON M,KEREKES N,BRINK P,et al.The level of sense of coherence among Swedish nursing staff[J].J Adv Nurs,2019,75(11):2766-2772.
[13] 占婷婷.护士心理一致感、社会支持、应对方式与主观幸福感的关系研究[D].合肥:安徽医科大学,2019.
[14] NAVARRO A B,JIMÉNEZ S,MELÉNDEZ J C.Sense of coherence and burnout in nursing home workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain[J].Health Soc Care Community,2022,30(1):244-252.
[15] 彭燕凤,章新琼,朱晓华,等.心理一致感在肿瘤科护士工作压力与共情疲劳间的中介作用[J].中华现代护理杂志,2021,27(1):4-10.
[16] 李妍,肖艳玲,周聪.分层次护理模式下规范化培训对艾滋病护理人员的影响[J].中国社会医学杂志,2020,37(5):488-490.
[17] 金苗.品管圈在提高CCU护士心理一致感中的应用效果[J].护理实践与研究,2016,13(20):110-112.
[18] 姜原.Williams生活技能训练对青年护士心理健康的干预研究[D].开封:河南大学,2014.
[19] 周松,郭远,林静,等.规范化培训期护士情绪劳动与情绪智力的关系[J].中国实用护理杂志,2021,37(32):2544-2549.
[20] 薛媛媛,刘婷婷,班俊坤,等.护士睡眠质量与情绪劳动及职业压力的现状及关系的研究[J].护士进修杂志,2020,35(18):1677-1681.
[21] 李璐柳,王建宁,周松.136名急诊科护士情绪劳动水平分析[J].护理学报,2019,26(6):43-46.
[22] 王秀秀,吕静,于雪微,等.社区护士对老年人态度、情绪劳动与职业倦怠的相关性分析[J].职业与健康,2021,37(7):931-935.
[23] 毕浩然.援鄂医务人员组织支持感对情绪劳动的影响因素研究[D].南京:南京中医药大学,2021.
[24] 谢婷婷.护士情绪劳动、工作满意度与员工幸福感的关系研究[D].宜昌:三峡大学,2019.
[25] 徐蕾,刘喜文.合理情绪疗法改善护理人员压力及倦怠感的应用现状[J].职业与健康,2018,34(21):3007-3011.
[26] 彭晓红,丁雪如,董正慧.基于时间序列模型预测ICU护士情绪劳动的研究[J].护理学报,2016,23(18):67-70.
[27] 卢迪,兰萌,张楠.巴林特小组法对心内科护士情绪劳动和职业倦怠的干预[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2020,38(3):203-206.
[28] 李霞,陈凤云,王青.PDCA循环管理在急诊科护士情绪劳动管理中的应用[J].中国医药导报,2018,15(19):168-171.
[29] 宋隽.认知重评训练对重症监护室护士情绪劳动能力和同情心疲乏水平影响的研究[J].护理研究,2017,31(26):3350-3352.
[30] 许璐璐.长春市三级甲等医院儿科急诊护士社会支持与工作倦怠的调查分析[D].长春:长春中医药大学,2019.
[31] 马姝,栾晓嵘.工作家庭冲突在ICU女护士工作负荷与工作倦怠之间的中介效应分析[J].护理实践与研究,2021,18(19):2845-2849.
[32] 张鸿敏,孟祥丽,李伟,等.男护士职业应激与职业倦怠的相关性研究[J].中华现代护理杂志,2021,27(20):2739-2743.
[33] 张倩,张秀军,胡成洋,等.护士职业倦怠现状及其影响因素分析[J].蚌埠医学院学报,2021,46(2):232-236.
[34] 李淑兰,曾满萍.柔性管理在改善肿瘤专科护士职业倦怠中的应用效果[J].当代护士(上旬刊),2019,26(8):182-184.
[35] 任贇虹,霍荣瑞,杨玲,等.基于心理资本的心理干预对肿瘤医院护士敬业度、工作倦怠和离职意愿的影响[J].中国临床护理,2022,14(3):166-170.
[36] 朱丽娜,刘姗,詹婷婷.正念减压疗法在新护士培训中的应用效果[J].护理管理杂志,2019,19(3):209-211.
[37] 黎维敏.人性化护理管理激励机制对护士职业获益感及倦怠感的影响[J].全科护理,2018,16(24):3041-3043.
[38] MCDONALD G,JACKSON D,WILKES L,et al.Personal resilience in nurses and midwives:Effects of a work-based educational intervention[J].Contemp Nurse,2013,45(1):134-143.
[39] 王星星,施忠英,盛梅青,等.精神科新入职护士职业认同与职业压力、应对方式的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2020,28(1):58-61.