Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of imposter phenomenon among undergraduate medical students

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current situation of imposter phenomenon among undergraduate medical students and analyze its influencing factors. Methods From March to April 2024,a convenience sampling method was used to select 436 undergraduate students majoring in clinical medicine and nursing from two medical schools in Beijing and Tianjin. The survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire,a Clance impostor phenomenon scale,an academic resilience scale,and a general self-efficacy scale. Results The imposter phenomenon score among 436 undergraduate medical students was （55.64±13.42）points. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the imposter phenomenon of undergraduate medical students were their major,reasons for choosing a medical major upon enrollment,academic resilience,and general self-efficacy（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The imposter phenomenon of medical undergraduate students is at a moderate to high level,which is influenced by their major,reasons for choosing a medical major upon enrollment,academic resilience,and general self-efficacy. In the future,medical educators should take corresponding measures to reduce the imposter phenomenon of medical undergraduate students.

Key words: Imposter phenomenon, Academic resilience, General self-efficacy, Influencing factors, Undergraduate medical students

CLC Number:

R395.6

WANG Jing, QIANG Wanmin, GUO Fengli, ZHANG Zhongning, LI Mingze, QI Weifang. Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of imposter phenomenon among undergraduate medical students[J]. OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(17): 2382-2386.

References

[1] KOGANL R,SCHOENFELD-TACHER R,HELLYER P,et al.Veterinarians and impostor syndrome:An exploratory study[J].Vet Rec,2020, 187(7):271.
[2] HOUSEKNECHT V E,ROMAN B,STOLFI A,et al.A longitudinal assessment of professional identity,wellness,imposter phenomenon, and calling to medicine among medical students[J].Med Sci Educ,2019, 29(2):493-497.
[3] WANG J,SHI W,HUANG X,et al.The prevalence of imposter syndrome and associated factors in Chinese medical students and residents:A single-center pilot study[J].Med Teach,2024,46(3):380-386.
[4] ROSENTHAL S,SCHLUSSEL Y,YADEN M B,et al.Persistent impostor phenomenon is associated with distress in medical students[J].Fam Med, 2021,53(2):118-122.
[5] 于潇,毛旭,马艳梅.临床护士自我能力否定倾向与职业倦怠的相关性研究[J].军事护理,2023,40(9):18-21.
[6] VILLWOCK J A,SOBIN L B,KOESTER L A,et al.Impostor syndrome and burnout among American medical students:A pilot study[J].Int J Med Educ,2016,7:364-369.
[7] 蒋露苗,徐玉林,刘晓琴,等.Clance自我能力否定倾向量表的汉化及在护士群体中的信效度检验[J].护理研究,2022,36(14):2486-2490.
[8] 夏雨,杨莎,安晓,等.本科护生自我能力否定倾向现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学杂志,2023,38(20):76-79.
[9] MARTIN A J,MARSH H W.Academic resilience and its psychological and educational correlates:A construct validity approach[J].Psychol Schools,2006,43(3):267-281.
[10] 孙蔚雯. 高中生日常性学业复原力、学业投入对学习成绩的影响[D] 长春:东北师范大学,2009.
[11] 王才康,胡中锋,刘勇.一般自我效能感量表的信度和效度研究[J].应用心理学,2001(1):37-40.
[12] ZEB M,KHATTAK S K,SHAH F O,et al.The imposter syndrome in surgical residents[J].J Pak Med Assoc,2023,73(8):1706-1708.
[13] CARROLL M,GRIECH S.Impostor phenomenon and ambiguity tolerance in practicing physical therapists:An exploratory correlational study[J].Int J Med Educ,2023,14:168-177.
[14] CHRISMAN S M,PIEPER W A,Clance P R,et al.Validation of the clance imposter phenomenon scale[J].J Pers Assess,1995,65(3):456-467.
[15] COHEN M J M,KAY A,YOUAKIM J M,et al.Identity transformation in medical students[J].Am J Psychoanal,2009,69(1):43-52.
[16] PASTAN C D,MC D A,FINKELMAN M,et al.Evaluation of mindfulness practice in mitigating impostor feelings in dental students[J].J Dent Educ,2022,86(11):1513-1520.
[17] 李立伟,黄晓梅.在校护生从事机构养老工作意愿影响因素的质性研究[J].中国老年学杂志,2019,39(23):5820-5823.
[18] NEUREITER M,TRAUT-MATTAUSCH E.An inner barrier to career development:Preconditions of the impostor phenomenon and consequences for career development[J].Front Psychol,2016,7:48.
[19] EDWARDS-MADDOX S.Burnout and impostor phenomenon in nursing and newly licensed registered nurses:A scoping review[J].J Clin Nurs,2023,32(5-6):653-665.
[20] HOUSEKNECHT V E,ROMAN B,STOLFI A,et al.A longitudinal assessment of professional identity,wellness,imposter phenomenon,and calling to medicine among medical students[J].Med Sci Educ,2019, 29(2):493-497.
[21] WU S,CHEN W,CHEN W,et al.Effects of cultural intelligence and imposter syndrome on school belonging through academic resilience among university students with vocational backgrounds[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2022,19(13):7944.
[22] 黎晓钧,王苗苗,刘长晋,等.体力活动状况、解释水平和中学生日常性学业弹性的关系[J].职业与健康,2020,36(11):1542-1544.
[23] LABRAGUE L J,MCENROE-PETITTE D M,PAPATHANASIOU I V,et al.Stress and coping strategies among nursing students:An international study[J]. J Ment Health,2018,27(5):402-408.
[24] 史桂霞,谢云,刘平,等.BOPPPS联合情景模拟法在高职内科护理教学中的应用[J].护理研究,2022,36(22):4074-4077.
[25] SHAHIDI D E,NOBAHAR M,RAIESDANA N,et al.Academic resilience,moral perfectionism,and self-compassion among undergraduate nursing students:A cross-sectional,multi-center study[J].J Prof Nurs, 2023,46:39-44.
[26] 高婷叶,李光建,孔亚萍,等.应对方式在医务人员自我效能感和知觉压力间的中介效应[J].职业与健康,2023,39(16):2214-2217.
[27] LIN E,CRIJNS T J,RING D,et al.Imposter syndrome among surgeons is associated with intolerance of uncertainty and lower confidence in problem solving[J].Clin Orthop Relat Res,2023,481(4):664-671.
[28] BANDURA A.Self-efficacy:Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change[J].Psychol Rev,1977,84(2):191-215.
[29] 张平,张兰鸽,许婷婷.希望团体干预改善大学生抑郁症状:自我效能感的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2023,31(2):238-243.