OCCUPATION AND HEALTH ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 876-880.

• Treatise • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Monitoring and analysis of key occupational hazard factors of new energy vehicle manufacturers and traditional vehicle manufacturers in Guangzhou City from 2020 to 2024

CHEN Dehao1, MAI Shiqi2, HE Yinan2, DENG Guanhua1,2, CHENG Yongpeng1, LIANG Jiabin1,2()   

  1. 1 School of Public HealthGuangzhou Medical University,GuangzhouGuangdong 511436, China
    2 Guangzhou Twelfth People's HospitalGuangzhouGuangdong 510620, China
  • Received:2025-07-04 Revised:2025-07-29 Online:2026-04-01 Published:2026-05-14

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current situation of occupational disease hazards and their differences between new energy vehicles manufacturing enterprises and traditional automobile manufacturing enterprises in Guangzhou City,and provide a basis for the prevention and control of occupational diseases in automobile manufacturing enterprises. Methods The monitoring report of occupational disease hazards of new energy vehicles manufacturing enterprises and traditional automobile manufacturing enterprises in Guangzhou City from 2020 to 2024 were selected for analysis. Results The total qualified rate of occupational disease hazard factor monitoring for new energy vehicles manufacturing enterprises was 98.4%,and that for traditional vehicle manufacturing enterprises was 97.1%,there was a statistically significant difference in the total qualified rate of monitoring occupational disease hazards between new energy vehicles manufacturing enterprises and traditional automobile manufacturing enterprises in Guangzhou City from 2020 to 2024(P<0.01),and there were statistically significant differences in the qualified rate of monitoring hazards between the two types of automobile manufacturing enterprises in 2021-2023 and in the large size of enterprises(all P<0.05). Except for the painting workshop,there were statistically significant differences in the pass rate of hazardous factors in other workplaces(all P<0.01),and the rate of new energy automobile manufacturing enterprises was higher than that of traditional automobile manufacturing enterprises. There were statistically significant differences in the monitoring pass rates of physical factors and chemical factors of the two types of enterprises(all P<0.01),and the occupational disease hazards with the lowest pass rates was noise,and the difference in pass rates was statistically significant(P<0.01). The monitoring pass rates of chemical factors and dust factors of the two types of enterprises were more than 99.0%. The unqualified chemical factors in new energy automobile enterprises were butyl acetate and xylene,and the unqualified dust factors were welding fume and other dust;the unqualified chemical factors in traditional automobile enterprises were butyl acetate,toluene and xylene,and the unqualified dust factors were welding fume. The difference in mean workplace noise between new energy vehicle manufacturing enterprises and traditional vehicle manufacturing enterprises over the five-year period was 0.5 dB(A)(P<0.01). The workplace with the lowest qualified rate of noise monitoring in new energy vehicle enterprises was the welding workshop,with the qualified rate of 90.8%;the workplace with the lowest qualified rate of noise monitoring in traditional automotive enterprises was the stamping workshop,with the qualified rate of 85.0%. The workshop with the greatest difference in the average noise value between the two types of automotive manufacturing enterprises was the welding workshop,with a difference of 1.6 dB(A)(P<0.01). Conclusion Noise is the main occupational disease hazard of new energy vehicles manufacturing enterprises and traditional automobile manufacturing enterprises in Guangzhou City. The construction of hazardous protective measures and occupational health supervision at workplaces of automobile manufacturing enterprises should be strengthened to improve the working environment and protect the occupational health of workers.

Key words: Guangzhou City, Automobile manufacturing, Occupational hazards factors, Monitoring

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