Relationship between firefighters' self-efficacy and mental health and the mediating role of burnout

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To understand the general self-efficacy，mental health，and burnout of firefighters，and explore the mediating role of burnout in the relationship between general self-efficacy and mental health of firefighters. Methods In July 2024，a questionnaire survey was conducted on firefighters from eleven fire brigades in Jinhua City，Zhejiang Provinces using the general self-efficacy scale，Maslach burnout inventory-general survey and symptom checklist-90（SCL-90），and the data were analyzed. Results The general self-efficacy score of firefighters was （26.68±5.41）points，burnout was （1.71±0.91）points and psychological symptom was （113.1±22.98）points. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of burnout among firefighters with different age，years of service，educational background（F=7.824，3.368，10.660，all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of general self-efficacy among firefighters with different age，years of service，marital status（F=3.372，5.333，t=-2.726，all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the scores of psychological symptom among firefighters with different years of service and educational background（F=3.025，4.387，both P<0.05）.General self-efficacy was negatively correlated with burnout and psychological symptom（r=-0.463，-0.297，both P<0.01），while burnout was significantly positively correlated with psychological symptom（r=0.515，P<0.01）. Burnout partially mediated the relationship between general self-efficacy and mental health，with an effect value of -0.952，accounting for 73.01% of the total effect. Conclusion The general self-efficacy，mental health，and burnout of firefighters are at a moderate level. Burnout plays a mediating role between general self-efficacy and mental health，and can directly affect the mental health of firefighters by enhancing general self-efficacy. It can also reduce burnout by enhancing general self-efficacy，ultimately improving the mental health status of firefighters.

Key words: Firefighters, Burnout, General self-efficacy, Mental health, Mediating effect

CLC Number:

R181.31

FANG Juan, JING Ke, LIANG Mingxuan, FANG Wenhao. Relationship between firefighters' self-efficacy and mental health and the mediating role of burnout. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2026, 42(8): 1009-1012.

Figures/Tables 3

References 29

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项目	人数[人（%）]	职业倦怠	一般自我效能感	心理健康
年龄（岁）
0~<30	537（61.22）	1.70±0.84	26.32±5.47	112.28±22.22
30~<40	227（25.89）	1.87±0.99	27.07±5.23	115.57±24.75
≥40	113（12.89）	1.46±0.96	27.58±5.35	112.00±22.98
F值		7.824	3.372	1.782
P值		<0.001	0.035	0.169
工龄（年）
0~<5	471（53.71）	1.66±0.81	26.13±5.41	112.26±21.78
5~<10	217（24.74）	1.69±0.96	27.33±5.48	111.77±22.22
≥10	189（21.55）	1.86±1.05	27.30±5.19	116.71±26.28
F值		3.368	5.333	3.025
P值		0.035	0.005	0.049
学历
大专以下	376（42.87）	1.61±0.78	26.29±5.42	111.32±20.63
大专	286（32.61）	1.66±0.91	26.82±5.35	112.48±23.21
本科及以上	215（24.52）	1.95±1.06	27.16±5.44	117.02±26.00
F值		10.660	1.932	4.387
P值		<0.001	0.145	0.013
婚姻状况
未婚	524（59.75）	1.72±0.83	26.27±5.43	113.27±22.84
已婚	353（40.25）	1.70±1.01	27.28±5.33	112.85±23.21
t值		0.320	2.721	0.264
P值		0.722	0.007	0.792

项目	人数[人（%）]	职业倦怠	一般自我效能感	心理健康
年龄（岁）
0~<30	537（61.22）	1.70±0.84	26.32±5.47	112.28±22.22
30~<40	227（25.89）	1.87±0.99	27.07±5.23	115.57±24.75
≥40	113（12.89）	1.46±0.96	27.58±5.35	112.00±22.98
F值		7.824	3.372	1.782
P值		<0.001	0.035	0.169
工龄（年）
0~<5	471（53.71）	1.66±0.81	26.13±5.41	112.26±21.78
5~<10	217（24.74）	1.69±0.96	27.33±5.48	111.77±22.22
≥10	189（21.55）	1.86±1.05	27.30±5.19	116.71±26.28
F值		3.368	5.333	3.025
P值		0.035	0.005	0.049
学历
大专以下	376（42.87）	1.61±0.78	26.29±5.42	111.32±20.63
大专	286（32.61）	1.66±0.91	26.82±5.35	112.48±23.21
本科及以上	215（24.52）	1.95±1.06	27.16±5.44	117.02±26.00
F值		10.660	1.932	4.387
P值		<0.001	0.145	0.013
婚姻状况
未婚	524（59.75）	1.72±0.83	26.27±5.43	113.27±22.84
已婚	353（40.25）	1.70±1.01	27.28±5.33	112.85±23.21
t值		0.320	2.721	0.264
P值		0.722	0.007	0.792

项目	职业倦怠	一般自我效能感	心理症状
职业倦怠	1.000
一般自我效能感	-0.463^a	1.000
心理症状	0.515^a	-0.297^a	1.000

项目	职业倦怠	一般自我效能感	心理症状
职业倦怠	1.000
一般自我效能感	-0.463^a	1.000
心理症状	0.515^a	-0.297^a	1.000

项目	总效应	直接效应	中介效应	t 值	95%CI
一般自我效能感→心理健康（c）	-1.299			-9.483^a	-1.568~-1.030
一般自我效能感→职业倦怠（a）		-0.079		-16.017^a	-0.090~-0.069
职业倦怠→心理健康（b）		12.027		14.220^a	10.147~13.984
一般自我效能感→心理健康（c'）		-0.346		-2.465^b	-0.622~-0.072
一般自我效能感→职业倦怠→心理健康（ab）			-0.952		-1.172~-0.759