乌鲁木齐市社区精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者心理弹性现状及影响因素分析

职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 103-106.

乌鲁木齐市社区精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者心理弹性现状及影响因素分析

艾力帕提·太来提^1a, 陈金荣^1b,2a, 牛敏瑞^1b, 吕蒙^1b, 汪惠才^2b

1.新疆医科大学a 健康管理学院，b 护理学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830054;
2.新疆医科大学第一附属医院a 神经外科，b 本专科教育管理科，新疆乌鲁木齐 830054

收稿日期:2022-05-30 修回日期:2022-06-06 发布日期:2026-02-28
通信作者: 汪惠才，主任医师，副教授，E-mail：506940196@qq.com
作者简介:艾力帕提·太来提，男，在读硕士研究生，研究方向为健康管理学。
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区研究生科研创新项目（XJ2022G188）

Study on present situation and influencing factors of resilience of family caregivers of schizophrenia patients in community in Urumqi

Ailipati Tailaiti^1a, CHEN Jin-rong^1b,2a, NIU Min-rui^1b, LYU Meng^1b, WANG Hui-cai^2b

1. a School of Health Management, b School of Nursing, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang 830054, China;
2. a Department of Neurosurgery, b Department of Education Management, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang 830054, China

Received:2022-05-30 Revised:2022-06-06 Published:2026-02-28
Contact: WANG Hui-cai，Chief physician，Associate professor，E-mail：506940196@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解乌鲁木齐市社区精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者心理弹性现状及影响因素，为改善该人群心理弹性水平以及采取有效的干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用滚雪球抽样法，于2021年12月—2022年2月抽取乌鲁木齐市7个社区的71例精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者为调查对象，采用一般资料问卷和康纳-戴维森韧性量表（Connor Davidson resilience scale，CD-RISC）进行调查，并对数据进行分析。结果社区精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者心理弹性总分为（58.24±14.89）分，其中坚韧性维度得分为（30.03±8.04）分，力量性维度得分为（18.90±5.45）分，乐观性维度得分为（9.31±2.10）分。文化程度、家庭人均月收入和疾病知识的了解程度均是社区精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者心理弹性的影响因素（均P<0.05），可解释总变异的41.3%。结论乌鲁木齐市社区精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者心理弹性处于中等水平，家庭照顾者的文化程度、家庭人均月收入和疾病知识的了解程度是其影响因素，应在社区管理中重视该群体的身心健康，建议加强社区健康教育和采取有效的干预措施来改善该群体心理弹性水平。

关键词: 社区, 精神分裂症, 家庭照顾者, 心理弹性

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of resilience of family caregivers of schizophrenia patients in community in Urumqi，provide reference for improving the resilience level of this group and taking effective intervention measures. Methods Using snowball sampling method，the family caregivers of 71 schizophrenia patients from seven communities in Urumqi were selected as the research object from December 2021 to February 2022，and the general information questionnaire and Connor Davidson resilience scale（CD-RISC） were used for investigation，and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of mental resilience of family caregivers of schizophrenia patients in community was （58.24±14.89）points，among which the scores of tenacity，strength and optimism were （30.03±8.04），（18.90±5.45） and （9.31±2.10）points，respectively. The education level，per capita monthly income of family and knowledge of diseases were all factors influencing the resilience of family caregivers of community schizophrenia patients（all P<0.05），which could explain 41.3% of the total variation. Conclusion The mental resilience of family caregivers of schizophrenic patients in community in Urumqi is at a medium level，and the educational level，family per capita monthly income and knowledge of diseases of family caregivers are the influencing factors，so it is necessary to pay attention to the physical and mental health of this group in community management，and suggest strengthening community health education and taking effective intervention measures to improve the mental resilience of this group.

Key words: Community, Schizophrenia, Family caregivers, Psychological resilience

中图分类号:

R395.6

艾力帕提·太来提, 陈金荣, 牛敏瑞, 吕蒙, 汪惠才. 乌鲁木齐市社区精神分裂症患者家庭照顾者心理弹性现状及影响因素分析. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(1): 103-106.

Ailipati Tailaiti, CHEN Jin-rong, NIU Min-rui, LYU Meng, WANG Hui-cai. Study on present situation and influencing factors of resilience of family caregivers of schizophrenia patients in community in Urumqi. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(1): 103-106.

参考文献

[1] FERNANDES J B,FERNANDES S B,ALMEIDA A S,et al.Barriers to family resilience in caregivers of people who have schizophrenia[J].J Nurs Scholarsh,2021,53(4):393-399.
[2] SHIRAISHI N,REILLY J.Positive and negative impacts of schizophrenia on family caregivers:A systematic review and qualitative meta-summary[J].Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol,2019,54(3):277-290.
[3] SUN Y,WANG M,ZHOU Y,et al.The mediating effect of family function and medication adherence between symptoms and mental disability among Chinese patients with schizophrenia:A cross-sectional study[J].Psychol Health Med,2019,24(5):559-569.
[4] STANLEY S,BALAKRISHNAN S,ILANGOVAN S.Correlates of caregiving burden in schizophrenia:a cross-sectional,comparative analysis from India[J].Soc Work Ment Health,2017,15(3):284-307.
[5] 中华医学会精神病学分会.中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第三版(精神障碍分类)[J].中华精神科杂志,2001,34(3):184-188.
[6] CONNOR K M,DAVIDSON J R.Development of a new resilience scale:The connor-davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC)[J].Depress Anxiety,2003,18(2):76-82.
[7] 于肖楠,张建新.自我韧性量表与Connor-Davidson韧性量表的应用比较[J].心理科学,2007,30(5):1169-1171.
[8] 程诚,黄俊,梁宝勇.心理健康素质测评系统·中国成年人心理弹性全国采样调查报告[J].心理与行为研究,2014,12(6):735-742.
[9] 刘楠.精神分裂症患者家属心理弹性及相关保护因素研究[D].湖州:湖州师范学院,2019.
[10] 景国建,程梅.住院精神分裂症患者家属心理弹性与社会支持、应对方式的相关性研究[J].精神医学杂志,2018,31(4):290-294.
[11] VADHER S,DESAI R,PANCHAL B,et al.Burden of care in caregivers of patients with alcohol use disorder and schizophrenia and its association with anxiety,depression and quality of life[J].Gen Psychiatr,2020,33(4):e100215.
[12] 张晶.急性心肌梗死患者主要照顾者心理弹性影响因素[J].国际护理学杂志,2021,40(23):4255-4258.
[13] FITRYASARI R,YUSUF A,NURSALAM,et al.Family members' perspective of family Resilience's risk factors in taking care of schizophrenia patients[J].Int J Nurs Sci,2018,5(3):255-261.
[14] CHEN L,ZHAO Y,TANG J,et al.The burden,support and needs of primary family caregivers of people experiencing schizophrenia in Beijing communities:A qualitative study[J].BMC Psychiatry,2019,19(1):75.
[15] NEHA A,GANDHI S,MANJULA M,et al.Caregivers' experiences of aggressive persons with schizophrenia[J].Indian J Psychol Med,2021,43(1):10-15.
[16] ATTEPE ÖZDEN S,TUNCAY T.The experiences of turkish families caring for individuals with schizophrenia:A qualitative inquiry[J].Int J Soc Psychiatry,2018,64(5):497-505.
[17] 李晓莉.首发脑卒中患者家属照顾者心理弹性水平及影响因素研究[D].湖州:湖州师范学院,2017.
[18] 万玲,张卫红,雷涛,等.脑瘫患儿父母心理弹性现状及影响因素调查[J].护理学杂志,2020,35(24):81-84.
[19] 郭易,代雨岑,秦小荣,等.社区综合干预对精神分裂症患者生活质量影响的研究:基于SQLS量表的Meta分析[J].现代预防医学,2020,47(16):2976-2980.
[20] 李世明,杨雀屏,张紫娟,等.关爱帮扶综合干预模式对社区精神分裂症患者家庭照护者心理状况及生命质量的影响[J].中国全科医学,2019,22(4):129-133.
[21] DOMÍNGUEZ-MARTINEZ T,RASCON-GASCA M L,ALCÁNTARA-CHABELAS H,et al.Effects of family-to-family psychoeducation among relatives of patients with severe mental disorders in mexico city[J].Psychiatr Serv,2017,68(4):415-418.
[22] 王春燕,翁晓青,王欣,等.精神分裂症患者照顾者心理痛苦及其影响因素研究[J].护理管理杂志,2020,20(7):508-511.
[23] SIN J,GILLARD S,SPAIN D,et al.Effectiveness of psychoeducational interventions for family carers of people with psychosis:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Clin Psychol Rev,2017,56:13-24.
[24] MA C F,CHIEN W T,BRESSINGTON D T.Family intervention for caregivers of people with recent-onset psychosis:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Early Interv Psychiatry,2018,12(4):535-560.
[25] HASAN A A,JABER A A.The effect of a family intervention on primary caregivers psychological outcomes:Findings from the integrative literature review[J].Perspect Psychiatr Care,2019,55(2):277-290.
[26] 白红娟,王瑞,王志忠.精神分裂症患者实施家庭干预对其预后及照顾者心理状况的影响观察[J].中国全科医学,2018,21(z1):519-521.