医务人员心理疾病污名研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 医务人员心理疾病污名目前在国际上是社会学和心理学的一个研究热点。医务人员对心理疾病的态度并非公众认知中的积极热情，甚至带有偏见，这对于心理疾病患者和医务人员自身都有极大危害。本文对医务人员心理疾病污名的研究进行回顾，论述医务人员心理疾病污名的测量工具、相关因素以及干预策略，为开展医务人员心理疾病污名的干预提供理论依据，以期降低我国医务人员心理疾病污名，提高医务人员综合素养，减少心理疾病患者求医过程中受到的伤害。

关键词: 医务人员, 心理疾病, 污名, 歧视, 偏见

Abstract: At present，stigma of mental illness among health care providers is a hot research topic in sociology and psychology in the world. The attitude of health care providers towards mental illness is not positive and enthusiastic in the public perception，and even biased，which will do great harm to both patients with mental illness and health care providers themselves. The article review the research on mental illness stigma of health care providers，discuss the measurement tools，related factors and intervention strategies of mental illness stigma of health care providers，and provide theoretical basis for the intervention of mental illness stigma of health care providers，so as to reduce the stigma of mental illness of health care providers in China，improve the comprehensive quality of health care providers，and reduce the harm of mental illness patients in the process of seeking medical treatment.

Key words: Health care providers, Mental illness, Stigma, Discrimination, Prejudice

中图分类号:

R181.3

谢小舒, 谢丽丽, 王冬华, 邓小宇, 彭曦雅, 崔婷. 医务人员心理疾病污名研究进展. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(1): 140-144.

XIE Xiao-shu, XIE Li-li, WANG Dong-hua, DENG Xiao-yu, PENG Xi-ya, CUI Ting. Research progress on stigma of mental illness among health care providers. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(1): 140-144.

参考文献

[1] 张静.大学生心理疾病污名、领悟社会支持与寻求专业心理帮助态度的关系研究[D].开封:河南大学,2019.
[2] WINKLER P,MLADA K,JANOUSKOVA M,et al.Attitudes towards the people with mental illness:Comparison between Czech medical doctors and general population[J].Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol,2016,51(9):1265-1273.
[3] FUJII T,HANYA M,KISHI M,et al.An internet-based survey in Japan concerning social distance and stigmatization toward the mentally ill among doctors,nurses,pharmacists,and the general public[J].Asian J Psychiatr,2018,36:1-7.
[4] SATHYANATH S,MENDONSA R D,THATTIL A M,et al.Socially restrictive attitudes towards peoplewith mental illness among the non-psychiatry medical professionals in a university teaching hospital in South India[J].Int J Soc Psychiatry,2016,62(3):221-226.
[5] UBAKA C M,CHIKEZIE C M,AMORHA K C,et al.Health professionals' stigma towards the psychiatric ill in Nigeria[J].Ethiop J Health Sci,2018,28(4):483-494.
[6] EKSTEEN H C,BECKER P J,LIPPI G,et al.Stigmatization towards the mentally ill:Perceptions of psychiatrists,pre-clinical and post-clinical rotation medical students[J].Int J Soc Psychiatry,2017,63(8):782-791.
[7] 黄霁虹.大学生自尊、心理疾病污名和专业心理求助态度的关系研究[D].成都:四川师范大学,2015.
[8] SIMON N,VERDOUX H.Impact of education program and clinical posting in psychiatry on medical students' stigmatizing attitudes towards psychiatry and psychiatric disorders[J].Encephale,2018,44(4):329-336.
[9] SANDHU H S,ARORA A,BRASCH J,et al.Mental health stigma:Explicit and implicit attitudesof canadian undergraduate students,medical school students,and psychiatrists[J].Can J Psychiatry,2019,64(3):209-217.
[10] 刘贤俊.湖南某三甲医院医务人员抑郁、焦虑、睡眠质量及影响因素的调查研究[D].衡阳:南华大学,2018.
[11] 刘慧,孙龙,刘婷婷,等.综合医院医务人员的自杀意念及其相关因素[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2021,35(5):389-394.
[12] TENG E J,FRIEDMAN L C.Increasing mental health awareness and appropriate service use in older Chinese Americans:a pilot intervention[J].Patient Educ Couns,2016,76(1):143-146.
[13] AMANY H,SHEIKH M E,MISSIRY M E,et al.Addiction stigma among mental health professionals and medical students in egypt[J].Addictive Dis Thr Treat,2016,15(4):165-174.
[14] TAWIAH P,ADONGO P,AIKINS M.Mental health-related stigma and discrimination in ghana:Experience of patients and their caregivers[J].Ghana Med J,2015,49(1):30.
[15] KASSAM A,PAPISH A,MODGILL G,et al.The development and psychometric properties of a new scale to measure mental illness related stigma by health careproviders:The opening minds scale for Health Care Providers(OMS-HC)[J].BMC Psychiatry,2012,12(64):1-12.
[16] SASTRE-RUS M,GARCÍA-LORENZO A,LLUCH-CANUT M T,et al.Instruments to assess mental health-related stigma among health professionals and students in health sciences:A systematic psychometric review[J].J Adv Nurs,2019,75(9):1838-1853.
[17] VAN DER MAAS M,STUART H,PATTEN S B,et al.Examining the Application of the opening minds survey in the community health centre setting[J].Can J Psychiatry,2018,63(1):30-36.
[18] DESTREBECQ A,FERRARA P,FRATTINI L,et al.The Italian version of the opening minds stigma scale for healthcare providers:Validation and study on a sample of bachelor students[J].Community Ment Health J,2018,54(1):66-72.
[19] LARAIB A,SAIJJAD A,SARDAR A,et al.Perspective about mental illnesses:A survey of health care providers of abbottabad[J].J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad,2018,30(1):97-102.
[20] 谢小舒,肖雅琪,彭曦雅,等.湖南省3家三级甲等医院护士心理疾病耻辱感与专业自我概念的相关性研究[J].职业与健康,2021,37(13):1793-1797,1803.
[21] 童静谣.烟台地区医学生心理疾病污名与自我效能感的关系研究[J].中国医院统计,2020,27(2):178-180.
[22] 韩德彦,陈淑惠.精神疾病污名感受量表及其短版之心理计量特性[J].中华心理卫生学刊,2008,21(3):273-290.
[23] 史磊,肖梦然,叶丽平,等.医学研究生专业性心理帮助态度的影响因素[J].继续医学教育,2021,35(7):51-53.
[24] EIROA-OROSA F J,LIMIÑANA-BRAVO L.An Instrument to measure mental health professionals' beliefs and attitudes towards service users' rights[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2019,16(2):244.
[25] AL SAIF F,AL SHAKHOORI H,NOOH S,et al.Association between attitudes of stigma towardmental illness and attitudes toward adoption of evidence-based practice within health care providers in Bahrain[J].PLoS One,2019,14(12):e0225738.
[26] SAPAG J C,KLABUNDE R,VILLARROEL L,et al.Validation of the opening minds scale and patterns of stigma in Chilean primary health care[J].PLoS One,2019,14(9):e0221825.
[27] GABBIDON J,FARRELLY S,HATCH S L,et al.Discrimination attributed to mental illness or race-ethnicity by users of community psychiatric services[J].Psychiatr Serv,2014,65(11):1360-1366.
[28] HUGO M.Mental health professionals' attitudes towards people who have experienced amental health disorder[J].J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs,2001,8(5):419-425.
[29] PAPISH A,KASSAM A,MODGILL G,et al.Reducing the stigma of mental illness in undergraduate medical education:a randomized controlled trial[J].BMC Med Educ,2013,13:141.
[30] BRISSET C,LEANZA Y,ROSENBERG E,et al.Language barriers in mental health care:A survey of primary care practitioners[J].J Immigr Minor Health,2014,16(6):1238-1246.
[31] REAVLEY N J,MACKINNON A J,MORGAN A J,et al.Stigmatising attitudes towards people with mental disorders:a comparison of Australian health professionals with the general community[J].Aust N Z J Psychiatry,2014,48(5):433-441.
[32] YAMAGUCHI S,NIEKAWA N,MAIDA K,et al.Association between stigmati- sation and experiences of evidence-based practice by psychiatric rehabilitation staff in Japan:A cross-sectional survey[J].J Ment Health,2015,24(2):78-82.
[33] GIANNETTI V,CALEY C F,KAMAL K M,et al.Community pharmacists and mental illness:A survey of service provision,stigma,attitudes and beliefs[J].Int J Clin Pharm,2018,40(5):1096-1105.
[34] BOND K S,JORM A F,KITCHENER B A,et al.Mental health first aid training for Australian medical and nursing students:An evaluation study[J].BMC Psychol,2015,3(1):11.
[35] O'REILLY C L,BELL J S,KELLY P J,et al.Impact of mental health first aid training on pharmacy students' knowledge,attitudes and self-reported behaviour:A controlled trial[J].Aust N Z J Psychiatry,2011,45(7):549-557.
[36] JORM A F,KITCHENER B A,SAWYER M G,et al.Mental health first aid training for high school teachers:a cluster randomized trial[J].BMC Psychiatry,2010,10(1):51.
[37] BURNS S,CRAWFORD G,HALLETT J,et al.What's wrong with John? A randomised controlled trial of Mental Health First Aid(MHFA) training with nursing students[J].BMC Psychiatry,2017,17(1):111.
[38] MORGAN A J,ROSS A,REAVLEY N J.Systematic review and meta-analysis of mental health first aid training:Effects on knowledge,stigma,and helping behavior[J].PLoS One,2018,13(5):e0197102.
[39] MOLL S E,PATTEN S,STUART H,et al.Beyond silence:A randomized,parallel-group trial exploring the impact of workplace mental health literacy training with healthcare employees[J].Can J Psychiatry,2018,63(12):826-833.
[40] STUBBS A.Reducing mental illness stigma in health care students and professionals:A review of the literature[J].Australas Psychiatry,2014,22(6):579-584.
[41] KERBY J,CALTON T,DIMAMBRO B,et al.Anti-stigma films and medical students' attitudes towards mental illness and psychiatry:Randomized controlled trial[J].Psychiatr Bull,2008,32(9):345-349.
[42] CLEMENT S,VAN NIEUWENHUIZEN A,KASSAM A,et al.Filmed v.live social contact interventions to reduce stigma:Randomized controlled trial[J].Br J Psychiatry,2012,201(1):57-64.
[43] NGUYEN E,CHEN T F,O'REILLY C.Evaluating the impact of direct and indirect contact on the mental health stigma of pharmacy students[J].Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol,2011,47(7):1087-1098.