海口市某农村集中供养特困老人孤独感现状及影响因素

职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 69-72.

海口市某农村集中供养特困老人孤独感现状及影响因素

唐瑜¹, 曾彩云¹, 谭绍英², 王涛³, 李海波¹

1.海口市第四人民医院护理部，海南海口 571100;
2.海南医学院第一附属医院护理部，海南海口 570102;
3.海南医学院国际护理学院，海南海口 571199

收稿日期:2022-06-10 修回日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2026-02-28
通信作者: 谭绍英，主管护师，E-mail：314097132@qq.com
作者简介:唐瑜，女，主管护师，主要从事老年护理与护理管理工作。
基金资助:
2020年海南省研究生创新科研课题（Hys2020-372）

Situation and influencing factors of loneliness of special hardship elderly people with centralized support in a rural area of Haikou City

TANG Yu¹, ZENG Cai-yun¹, TAN Shao-ying², WANG Tao³, LI Hai-bo¹

1. Department of Nursing, Haikou Fourth People's Hospital, Haikou Hainan 571100, China;
2. Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou Hainan 570102, China;
3. International Nursing School, Hainan Medical University, Haikou Hainan 571199, China

Received:2022-06-10 Revised:2022-06-20 Published:2026-02-28
Contact: TAN Shao-ying，Nurse in charge，E-mail：314097132@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探索农村集中供养特困老人孤独感现状及影响因素。方法 2021年4—5月，采用一般资料调查表、孤独感量表（loneliness scale of university of California at Los Aageles，UCLA）、患者健康问卷抑郁量表（patient health questionnaire depression module，PHQ-9）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（hamilton anxiety scale，HAMA）、心理弹性量表简版（10-item connor-davidson resilience scale，CD-RISC-10）对海口市某农村敬老院的91名特困老人进行问卷调查。结果 85.71%的老人有中度及以上孤独感。单因素分析显示，不同性别、文化程度、婚史、亲戚探访频率、是否参加文娱活动、不同抑郁及焦虑水平的老人孤独感水平不同，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。相关性分析显示，心理弹性与孤独感呈负相关（r=-0.594，P<0.05）。多因素分析显示，婚史、是否参与文娱活动、亲戚探访频率、抑郁水平、心理弹性可解释孤独感变异的51.20%。结论农村敬老院特困老人普遍存在较强的孤独感，离婚、丧偶、不参加文体活动、亲戚探访频率低的老人孤独感高。抑郁水平低、心理弹性好的老人孤独感低。

关键词: 老年人, 农村, 集中供养, 敬老院, 特困人员, 五保户, 孤独感

Abstract: Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of loneliness of the special hardship elderly people with centralized support in rural area. Methods From April to May 2021，91 impoverished elderly in a rural nursing home in Haikou City were investigated by the general data questionnaire，loneliness scale of university of California at Los Aageles（UCLA），patient health questionnaire depression module（PHQ-9），hamilton anxiety scale（HAMA） and 10-item connor-davidson resilience scale（CD-RISC-10）. Results 85.71% of the elderly had moderate or more loneliness. The univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the loneliness level among the elderly in different gender，education，marriage history，frequency of relatives' visits，participation in recreational activities，depression and anxiety（all P<0.05）. The correlation analysis showed that psychological elasticity was negatively correlated with loneliness（r=-0.594，P<0.05）. The multivariate analysis showed that marriage history，participation in recreational activities，frequency of relatives' visits，depression level and psychological elasticity explained 51.20% of the variation of loneliness. Conclusion The special hardship elderly people in rural nursing homes generally have a strong sense of loneliness，and the elderly who are divorced，widowed，do not participate in recreational activities and have low frequency of relatives' visits have a high sense of loneliness，while those with low level of depression and good psychological flexibility have a low sense of loneliness.

Key words: Elderly people, Rural areas, Centralized support, Nursing homes, Special hardship elderly, Household enjoying the five guarantees, Loneliness

中图分类号:

R181.3

唐瑜, 曾彩云, 谭绍英, 王涛, 李海波. 海口市某农村集中供养特困老人孤独感现状及影响因素. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(1): 69-72.

TANG Yu, ZENG Cai-yun, TAN Shao-ying, WANG Tao, LI Hai-bo. Situation and influencing factors of loneliness of special hardship elderly people with centralized support in a rural area of Haikou City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(1): 69-72.

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