职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 1441-1446.

• 论著 •    下一篇

模糊综合评价法在砖瓦企业粉尘职业危害风险评估中的应用研究

代燕燕1, 田甜2, 唐道冰3, 聂志超4, 贾红1   

  1. 1.西南医科大学公共卫生学院,四川 泸州 646000;
    2.西藏自治区人民政府驻成都办事处医院运营管理科,四川 成都 610041;
    3.四川中环康源卫生技术服务有限公司,四川 成都 610041;
    4.成都市成华区疾病预防控制中心慢病防制科,四川 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-08 修回日期:2022-10-17 发布日期:2026-03-15
  • 通信作者: 贾红,教授,E-mail:jhong_lz@163.com
  • 作者简介:代燕燕,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为流行病与卫生统计。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省卫健委重点项目(19ZD019)

Study on application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation in occupational hazard risk assessment of dust in brick and tile enterprises

DAI Yan-yan1, TIAN Tian2, TANG Dao-bing3, NIE Zhi-chao4, JIA Hong1   

  1. 1. School of Public Health,Southwest Medical University,Luzhou Sichuan 646000,China;
    2. Operation Management Department,Chengdu Office Hospital of People's Government of Tibet Autonomous Region,Chengdu Sichuan 610041,China;
    3. Sichuan Zhonghuan Kangyuan Health Technology Service Co.,Ltd,Chengdu Sichuan 610041,China;
    4. Department of Chronic and Non-communication Disease Control,Chenghua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu Sichuan 610041,China
  • Received:2022-09-08 Revised:2022-10-17 Published:2026-03-15
  • Contact: JIA Hong,Professor,E-mail:jhong_lz@163.com

摘要: 目的 构建粉尘模糊综合评价模型,探讨其合理性及适用性。方法 通过文献查阅、专家咨询和层次分析法确定粉尘职业危害风险评价指标及其权重,构建粉尘模糊综合评价模型。基于2019—2020年收集页岩砖生产企业的职业卫生调查、职业卫生检测和职业健康体检数据,用粉尘模糊综合评价模型和综合指数法同时评估四川省20家页岩砖生产企业的矽尘职业危害风险,分析两种方法评估结果的一致性与差异性。结果 从危害因素特征、接触特征、防护特征和职业卫生管理4个方面构建了粉尘模糊综合评价模型。模型评估结果显示,4家企业的矽尘危害风险等级为Ⅳ级,16家企业为Ⅴ级。综合指数法评估结果显示,8家企业的矽尘危害风险等级为Ⅳ级,12家企业为Ⅴ级。一致性检验中,两种方法一致率为80.0%,差异无统计学意义(Kappa加权=0.545,P<0.01)。差异性分析显示,有4家企业被模糊综合评价模型评为Ⅴ级,被综合指数法评为Ⅳ级。结论 构建的粉尘模糊综合评价模型综合考虑了粉尘危害因素,确定了权重,评估结果与各企业的实际情况一致,与综合指数法评估结果一致性好,且能更客观地综合评估企业矽尘的职业危害风险。

关键词: 模糊综合评估法, 风险评估, 砖瓦企业, 粉尘

Abstract: Objective To construct a dust fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and analyze rationality and applicability of the model. Methods The evaluation index and its weight for dust occupational hazard risk evaluation were determined and a dust fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model were constructed on the basis of literature review,expert consultation and tomographic analysis. Based on the data of occupational health investigation,occupational health inspection and occupational health physical examination in shale brick manufacturing enterprise from 2019 to 2020,the dust fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and the comprehensive index method were used to simultaneously evaluate the occupational hazard risks of silica dust of 20 shale brick manufacturing enterprises in Sichuan Province,and the consistency and difference between the evaluation results of the two methods were analyzed. Results A dust fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model were constructed from the four aspects of hazard factor characteristics,contact characteristics,protection characteristics and occupational health management. The results of the evaluation model showed that the risk level of silica dust in four enterprises was grade Ⅳ and that in 16 enterprises was gradeⅤ. By the comprehensive index method,the risk level of silica dust of eight enterprises was grade Ⅳ and that in 12 enterprises was gradeⅤ. The consistency rate of the two methods was 80.0% and the difference was noy statistically significant(Kappa weighting=0.545, P<0.01). The difference between the two methods,four companies were assessed as gradeⅤby the dust fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and grade Ⅳ by the comprehensive index method. Conclusion The dust fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model,considering various factors related to dust hazard risk,determining the weight,and the evaluation results are consistent with the actual situation of each enterprise and have good consistency with the comprehensive index method,which objectively evaluated the overall occupational hazard risk of silicon dust of enterprise.

Key words: Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, Risk assessment, Brick and tile enterprises, Dust

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