职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 1654-1659.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2015—2021年陕西省榆林市法定传染病流行特征分析

刘剑锋, 张捷, 刘俞希, 张晶梦   

  1. 榆林市疾病预防控制中心信息科,陕西 榆林 719000
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-27 修回日期:2023-03-27 发布日期:2026-03-15
  • 作者简介:刘剑锋,女,主治医师,主要从事疾病控制工作。

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Yulin City from 2015-2021

LIU Jian-feng, ZHANG Jie, LIU Yu-xi, ZHANG Jing-meng   

  1. Information Department,Yulin City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yulin Shaanxi 719000,China
  • Received:2022-07-27 Revised:2023-03-27 Published:2026-03-15

摘要: 目的 分析 2015—2021年榆林市法定传染病发病特征,为今后政府制定防控策略和措施提供依据。方法 运用描述流行病学方法,对 2015—2021年榆林市法定传染病发病和死亡情况进行统计分析。结果 2015—2021年榆林市共报告法定传染病 28种69 101例,无甲类传染病报告,年均报告发病率为367.45/10万,不同年度发病率水平比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=2 774.085,P<0.01)。死亡56例,年均死亡率0.30/10万,病死率为0.08%,艾滋病死亡最多(38例),占总死亡数的67.86%。发病居前5位的依次是肺结核(74.20/10万)、手足口病(67.34/10万)、乙型肝炎(61.53/10万)、梅毒(50.81/10万)、其他感染性腹泻病(31.79/10万)。发病呈季节性流行,分别为夏秋季和冬春季。发病人群较高的年龄组为0~<5(26.15%)和20~<70 岁(54.71%),男性平均发病率为416.80/10万,女性平均发病率为312.43/10万,不同性别的发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 377.599,P<0.01)。结论 2015—2021年榆林市法定传染病整体呈波浪式下降趋势,应继续重点关注肺结核、病毒性肝炎、手足口、梅毒和其他感染性腹泻等发病率较高病种的防控,同时对布鲁菌病等发病率有上升趋势的病种加大防控力度,针对不同病种的发病特点制定相应的防控措施有效控制法定传染病的发病率。

关键词: 法定传染病, 流行特征, 发病率

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Yulin City from 2015 to 2021,provide basis for the government to formulate prevention and control strategies and measures in the future. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to statistically analyze the morbidity and mortality of notifiable infectious diseases in Yulin City from 2015 to 2021. Results From 2015 to 2021,69 101 cases of 28 kinds of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Yulin City. No Class A infectious diseases were reported. The annual average reported incidence rate was 367.45/100 000,and the difference in the incidence rate was statistically significant among different years(χ2=2 774.085,P<0.01). There were 56 death cases,the average annual mortality rate was 0.30/100 000,the case fatality rate was 0.08%,the death cases of AIDS was the most(38 cases),accounted for 67.86% of the total death cases. The top five diseases with high incidence were tuberculosis(74.20/100 000),hand-foot-mouth disease(67.34/100 000),hepatitis B(61.53/100 000),syphilis(50.81/100 000),and other infectious diarrhea(31.79/100 000). There were seasonal epidemics,occurring in summer-autumn and winter-spring respectively. The age groups with higher incidence were 0-<5(26.15%) and 20-<70(54.71%) years old. The average incidence was 416.80/100 000 in males and 312.43/100 000 in females,and there was statistically significant difference in the incidence rate between sex groups(χ2=1 377.599,P<0.01). Conclusion From 2015 to 2021,the incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in Yulin City shows a wave-like downward trend,and it is necessary to continue to focus on the prevention and control of diseases with high incidence rate,such as tuberculosis,viral hepatitis,hand-foot-mouth disease,syphilis and other infectious diarrhea,at the same time,to strengthen the prevention and control of brucellosis and other diseases with an upward trend in incidence rate,and formulate corresponding prevention and control measures according to the characteristics of different diseases to effectively control the incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases.

Key words: Notifiable infectious diseases, Epidemiological characteristics, Incidence rate

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