职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 1682-1685.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国HIV感染者/AIDS患者晚发现发生率及影响因素的meta分析

赵塔娜1,2, 曾茵茹2, 李文瑞2, 马秀娟2, 韩欣怡2, 张志刚1,2   

  1. 1.兰州大学第一医院重症医学科,甘肃 兰州 730000;
    2.兰州大学护理学院,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-22 修回日期:2022-10-24 发布日期:2026-03-15
  • 通信作者: 张志刚,副教授,E-mail:zzg3444@163.com
  • 作者简介:赵塔娜,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为危重症护理。

A meta-analysis of prevalence and influencing factors of late detection of HIV infections/AIDS cases in China

ZHAO Ta-na1,2, ZENG Yin-ru2, LI Wen-rui2, MA Xiu-juan2, HAN Xin-yi2, ZHANG Zhi-gang1,2   

  1. 1. Department of Critical Care Medicine,First Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China;
    2. School of Nursing,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China
  • Received:2022-09-22 Revised:2022-10-24 Published:2026-03-15
  • Contact: ZHANG Zhi-gang,Associate professor,E-mail:zzg3444@163.com

摘要: 目的 系统评价我国人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者/艾滋病(acquired immuno deficiency syndrome,AIDS)患者晚发现情况及影响因素,为相关预防措施提供依据。方法 系统检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、Web of Science、PubMed、Embase和Cochrane Library数据库,搜集有关我国HIV感染者/AIDS患者晚发现影响因素的横断面研究。检索时限为建库至2022年7月,采用Stata 15.0软件进行meta分析。结果 共纳入20篇研究,总样本量为141 424例。Meta分析结果显示,我国HIV感染者/AIDS患者晚发现发生率为35%(95%CI:32%~38%),男性(OR=1.444,95%CI:1.266~1.647)、年龄高(OR=3.027,95%CI:2.522~3.634)、已婚有配偶(OR=1.403,95%CI:1.237~1.591)、离异或丧偶(OR=1.350,95%CI:1.236~1.476)、职业(农民、民工、工人)(OR=1.411,95%CI:1.107~1.799)、感染途径为异性传播(OR=1.390,95%CI:1.219~1.585)、样本来源为性病门诊(OR=2.068,95%CI:1.141~3.749)及样本来源为医疗机构(OR=1.975,95%CI:1.627~2.397)均是我国HIV感染者/AIDS患者晚发现的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 目前我国HIV感染者/AIDS患者晚发现受到多种潜在因素的影响。因此,应针对可控因素尽早给予干预措施,重点关注高危人群,扩大检测范围,做到早发现、早诊断和早治疗。

关键词: 艾滋病, 晚发现, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To systematically evaluate the late detection of people infected with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/patients with acquired immuno deficiency syndrome(AIDS) in China and its influencing factors,provide a basis for relevant preventive measures. Methods The CNKI,Wanfang,Weipu,China biomedical literature database,Web of Science,PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library databases were retrievedsystematically,to collect the cross-sectional studies on the influencing factors of late detection of HIV infections/AIDS casesin China. The search time is from database establishment to July 2022,and the meta analysis is carried out using Stata 15.0 software. Results A total of 20 studies with a total sample size of 141 424 were included.The results of meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of late detection of HIV infections/AIDS casesin China was 35%(95%CI:32%-38%. The male(OR=1.444,95%CI:1.266-1.647),advanced age(OR=3.027,95%CI:2.522-3.634),married and have a spouse(OR=1.403,95%CI:1.237-1.591),divorced or widowed(OR=1.350,95%CI:1.236-1.476),occupation(farmer,migrant worker,worker)(OR=1.411,95%CI:1.107-1.799),the route of infection is heterosexual transmission(OR=1.390,95%CI:1.219-1.585),the sample source was an STD clinic(OR=2.068,95%CI:1.141-3.749),and the sample source was a medical institution(OR=1.975,95%CI:1.627-2.397)were the influencing factors of late detection of HIV infections/AIDS cases in China(all P<0.05). Conclusions At present,the late detection of HIV/AIDS cases in China is affected by a variety of potential factors. Therefore,the interventions should be given as early as possible for their controllable factors,focusing on high-risk groups,expanding the scope of detection,and achieving early detection,early diagnosis,and early treatment.

Key words: acquired immuno deficiency syndrome, Late detection, Influencing factors

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