咸阳市4所三级甲等医院护士心理资本、自我控制能力与职业延迟满足的关系研究

职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (14): 1964-1969.

咸阳市4所三级甲等医院护士心理资本、自我控制能力与职业延迟满足的关系研究

任坤薇¹, 刘丽秀², 闫倩¹, 刘莹³, 樊娟妮², 李慧²

1.陕西中医药大学护理学院,陕西咸阳 712046;
2.陕西中医药大学附属医院妇一科,陕西咸阳 712099;
3.川北医学院药学院,四川南充 637000

收稿日期:2022-09-06 修回日期:2023-03-14 出版日期:2023-07-15 发布日期:2026-03-24
通信作者: 刘丽秀,主任护师,E-mail：1069786794@qq.com
作者简介:任坤薇,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为中西医结合肿瘤护理。
基金资助:
陕西省重点研发计划项目（2017SF-077）

Study on relationship among psychological capital,self-control ability and occupational delay of gratification in nurses from four grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xianyang City

REN Kunwei¹, LIU Lixiu², YAN Qian¹, LIU Ying³, FAN Juanni², LI Hui²

1. School of Nursing,Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xianyang Shaanxi,712046,China;
2. First Department of Gynecology,Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xianyang Shaanxi,712099,China;
3. School of Pharmacy,North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong Sichuan,637000,China

Received:2022-09-06 Revised:2023-03-14 Online:2023-07-15 Published:2026-03-24
Contact: LIU Lixiu,Chief nurse,E-mail：1069786794@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解三级甲等医院护士自我控制能力、心理资本及职业延迟满足间的相关性,探究护士自我控制能力、心理资本及职业延迟满足间的关系。方法 2022年4月采用便利抽样法,选取咸阳市三级甲等医院护士作为研究对象,使用护士自我控制能力测评问卷、护士心理资本量表和职业延迟满足量表进行问卷调查,并对问卷进行数据分析。结果三级甲等医院护士心理资本总均分为（4.23±0.49）分,自我控制能力总均分为（3.92±0.66）分,职业延迟满足总均为（3.11±0.68）分。不同学历、护龄、聘用类型及月收入的护士心理资本得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;不同聘用类型及月收入的护士自我控制能力得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;不同聘用类型及月收入的护士职业延迟满足得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。护士自我控制能力与心理资本、职业延迟满足均呈正相关（r=0.742、0.833,均P<0.01）,心理资本与职业延迟满足呈正相关（r=0.750,P<0.01）;自我控制能力在护士心理资本和职业延迟满足之间起部分中介作用,中介效应为0.77,占总效应的63.11%。结论三级甲等医院护士心理资本、自我控制能力和职业延迟满足密切相关,且自我控制能力在心理资本与职业延迟满足之间起部分中介作用。提升护士心理资本及自我控制能力对职业延迟满足有积极作用,有利于护理队伍的稳定与发展。

关键词: 护士, 自我控制能力, 心理资本, 职业延迟满足, 中介效应

Abstract: Objective To understand the correlation among self-control ability,psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification of nurses ingrade-A tertiary hospitals,explore the relationship among self-control ability,psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification of nurses. Methods In April 2022,the convenience sampling method was used to select the nurses in the grade-A tertiary hospitals of Xianyang City as the research object. The nurse self-control ability questionnaire,the nurse psychological capital scale and the occupational delay of gratification scale were used to conduct a questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed. Results The total average score of psychological capital,self-control ability and occupational delay of gratification among nurses in the grade-A tertiary hospitals was （4.23±0.49）,（3.92±0.66） and （3.11±0.68）points,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the score of psychological capital among nurses with different educational background,nursing age,employment type and monthly income（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the score of self-control ability among nurses with different employment type and monthly income（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the score of occupational delay of gratification among nurses with different employment type and monthly income（all P<0.05）. The self-control ability of nurses was positively correlated with psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification（r=0.742,0.833,both P<0.01） and the psychological capital was positively correlated with occupational delay of gratification（r=0.750,P<0.01）. The self-control ability played a part of mediating role between nurses' psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification,the mediating effect was 0.77,accounting for 63.11% of the total effect. Conclusions The psychological capital,self-control ability and occupational delay of gratification of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals are closely related,and the self-control ability plays a partial mediating role between psychological capital and occupational delay of gratification. Improving nurses' psychological capital and self-control ability has a positive effect on the occupational delay of gratification,and is conducive to the stability and development of the nursing team.

Key words: Nurses, Self-control ability, Psychological capital, Occupational delay of gratification, Intermediary effect

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

任坤薇, 刘丽秀, 闫倩, 刘莹, 樊娟妮, 李慧. 咸阳市4所三级甲等医院护士心理资本、自我控制能力与职业延迟满足的关系研究. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(14): 1964-1969.

REN Kunwei, LIU Lixiu, YAN Qian, LIU Ying, FAN Juanni, LI Hui. Study on relationship among psychological capital,self-control ability and occupational delay of gratification in nurses from four grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xianyang City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(14): 1964-1969.

参考文献

[1] ZHOU H,PENG J,WANG D,et al.Mediating effect of coping styles on the association between psychological capital and psychological distress among Chinese nurses:A cross-sectional study[J].J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs,2017,24(2-3):114-122.
[2] HE Q,AN Q,LI M.How vocational delay of gratification affects employees’ job performance:Organizational climate as a moderator[J].J Serv Sci Manage,2015,8(5):766-772.
[3] 王红姣,卢家楣.中学生自我控制能力问卷的编制及其调查[J].心理科学,2004(6):1477-1482.
[4] 燕媛媛,石美霞.护士自我控制结构的质性研究[J].实用临床护理学电子杂志,2018,3(19):167-168.
[5] 牛松乐,张淑杰,杨明琦,等.门诊护士自我控制能力综合培训干预效果研究[J].中华灾害救援医学,2021,9(4):929-931.
[6] 燕媛媛,石美霞.自我控制理论及其在护理领域的研究现状[J].中国临床护理,2018,10(5):455-458.
[7] 利振华. 父母监控对青少年自我控制的影响及教育策略研究[D].广州:广州大学,2022.
[8] 黄慧琴. 高年级小学生师生关系对学业拖延的影响:自我控制与个人成长主动性的链式中介作用[D].广州:广州大学,2022.
[9] 马帅天. 心理调节对自我损耗状态射击运动员的自我控制能力的影响[D].石家庄:河北师范大学,2022.
[10] 燕媛媛. 护士自我控制能力测评问卷的初步研制[D].太原:山西医科大学,2018.
[11] 骆宏,赫中华.心理资本问卷在护士群体中应用的信效度分析[J].中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2010,19(9):853-854.
[12] 刘晓燕,郝春东,陈健芷,等.组织职业生涯管理对职业承诺和工作满意度的影响——职业延迟满足的中介作用分析[J].心理学报,2007(4):715-722.
[13] 江凤,汪也琳,刘燕,等.儿科护士心理资本现状调查与影响因素探析[J].中国煤炭工业医学杂志,2016,19(8):1231-1235.
[14] 林晓丹,兰利亚,彭丽君.三级甲等医院护士心理负荷与自我控制能力及职业生涯成功感的关系研究[J].护理与康复,2021,20(8):25-30.
[15] 蒋语,包妍,刘艳,等.三级甲等医院护士职业延迟满足现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学报,2017,24(6):31-35.
[16] 刘燕南,刘芬,周利容,等.三级医院护士职业延迟满足与心理资本的相关性研究[J].中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2014,23(7):658-659.
[17] 侯文悦,岳同云,侯宗铸,等.低年资护士心理资本与职业延迟满足的相关性研究[J].护理研究,2017,31(9):1127-1129.
[18] 陈秀珠,李怀玉,陈俊,等.初中生心理资本与学业成就的关系:自我控制的中介效应与感恩的调节效应[J].心理发展与教育,2019, 35(1):76-84.
[19] 刘海昊,宋洪峰,章琦伟,等.大学生自我控制、心理资本与在线学习投入的关系[J].校园心理,2021,19(5):400-404.
[20] 王忠军,刘云娟,袁德勇.职业延迟满足研究述评[J].心理科学进展,2012,20(5):705-714.
[21] 胡世辉. 企业员工成就动机、自我职业生涯管理与职业延迟满足的关系[D].太原:山西师范大学,2012.
[22] 徐铭. 大学生公正世界信念对心理健康的影响:心理资本和自我控制的链式中介作用[D].福州:福建师范大学,2021.
[23] 金文霞,陈昕,宋新月,等.自我效能、自我职涯管理对职业延迟满足的影响[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2014,22(4):563-565.
[24] 罗献明,宫本宏,张国华.护士职业延迟满足在自我效能感与工作满意度中的中介效应[J].护理学杂志,2016,31(1):73-75.
[25] 舒倩宜. 心理资本在女性护士组织支持感与工作满意度的关系中的中介作用[J].中国卫生统计,2022,39(4):565-567.
[26] 贾雪萍,李桂芳,张永辉,等.ICU护士心理资本对岗位胜任力的影响研究[J].护理学杂志,2021,36(22):5-8.