沈阳市基层全科医生职业倦怠现状及影响因素分析

职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (16): 2162-2166.

沈阳市基层全科医生职业倦怠现状及影响因素分析

朱花, 李悦, 金喆

沈阳医学院公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理学教研室,辽宁沈阳 110034

收稿日期:2022-11-05 修回日期:2023-01-03 发布日期:2026-03-24
通信作者: 金喆,副教授,E-mail：jiji501@sina.com.cn
作者简介:朱花,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为基层卫生服务与卫生政策。
基金资助:
辽宁省教育厅本科教学改革课题（2018-45）; 沈阳医学院科技基金项目（20191016）

Analysis on current situation and influencing factors of job burnout of grassroots general practitioners in Shenyang City

ZHU Hua, LI Yue, JIN Zhe

Department of Social Medicine and Health Management,School of Public Health,Shenyang Medical University,Shenyang Liaoning 110034,China

Received:2022-11-05 Revised:2023-01-03 Published:2026-03-24
Contact: JIN Zhe,Associate professor,E-mail：jiji501@sina.com.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解沈阳市基层全科医生职业倦怠的现状及影响因素。方法 2021年9—12月,采取随机抽样方法对沈阳市基层医疗机构的256名全科医生进行匿名问卷调查,内容包括全科医生的基本情况、工作满意度、留职意愿和职业倦怠状况,并对数据进行分析。结果基层全科医生无倦怠检出率为6.25%（16/256）,轻度倦怠检出率为8.20%（21/256）,中度倦怠检出率为81.25%（208/256）,重度倦怠检出率为4.30%（11/256）。职业倦怠各维度得分：情绪耗竭为（15.00±7.84）分,去人格化倾向为（3.45±4.53）分,个人成就感为（36.23±12.58）分;工作满意度总分为（40.07±7.25）分;留职意愿总分为（15.63±3.23）分。物质满意度、成长满意度、留职意愿、年龄<30和 30~<40岁及工作年限10~<20年均是情绪耗竭维度的影响因素（β=-0.213、-0.116、-0.351、-0.266、-0.369、0.372、均P<0.05）;物质满意度、留职意愿、本科学历、副高级职称、工作年限<10和 10~<20年均是去人格化倾向维度的影响因素（β=-0.136、-0.124、-0.272、0.507、0.364、0.251均P<0.05）;成长满意度和本科学历均是个人成就感维度的影响因素（β=0.069、0.539均P<0.05）。结论沈阳市基层全科医生处于中度职业倦怠,要着重提高薪酬福利、改善工作环境和完善培训机制,加强其留职意愿,提高基层全科医生工作责任感和使命感。

关键词: 全科医生, 职业倦怠, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of job burnout among grassroots general practitioners in Shenyang City. Methods From September to December 2021,an anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 256 general practitioners in primary medical institutions in Shenyang City by random sampling method. The contents included general practitioners’ basic information,job satisfaction,intention to stay and job burnout,and the data were analyzed. Results Among the grassroots general practitioners,the detection rate of no burnout was 6.25%（16/256）,the detection rate of mild burnout was 8.20%（21/256）,the detection rate of moderate burnout was 81.25%（208/256）,and the detection rate of severe burnout was 4.30%（11/256）. The scores of each dimension of job burnout were as follows：emotional exhaustion[（15.00±7.84）points],depersonalization tendency[（3.45±4.53）points],personal achievement[（36.23±12.58）points]. The total score of job satisfaction was （40.07±7.25）points. The total score of intention to stay was （15.63±3.23）points. The material satisfaction,growth satisfaction,intention to stay,age <30 and 30-<40 years old and working age of 10-<20 years were the influencing factors of emotional exhaustion（β=-0.213,-0.116,-0.351,-0.266,-0.369,0.372,all P<0.05）. The material satisfaction,intention to stay,bachelor degree,associate senior title,working age <10 and 10-<20 years were the influencing factors of the dimension of depersonalization tendency（β=-0.136,-0.124,-0.272,0.507,0.364,0.251,all P<0.05）. The growth satisfaction and bachelor degree were the influencing factors of personal achievement（β=0.069,0.539,both P<0.05）. Conclusion The grassroots general practitioners in Shenyang City are suffering from moderate job burnout,and it is necessary to pay more attention to enhance the salary and welfare,improve the working environment and perfect the training mechanism,strengthen their willingness to stay,and improve the sense of responsibility and mission of grassroots general practitioners.

Key words: General practitioners, Job burnout, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

朱花, 李悦, 金喆. 沈阳市基层全科医生职业倦怠现状及影响因素分析. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(16): 2162-2166.

ZHU Hua, LI Yue, JIN Zhe. Analysis on current situation and influencing factors of job burnout of grassroots general practitioners in Shenyang City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(16): 2162-2166.

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