职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (19): 2593-2596.

• 论著 •    下一篇

乌鲁木齐城市老年人居家环境安全评估及影响因素研究

谢会群1a, 张建2, 陈艺娜1b, 刘瑞1b, 夏慧玲1b   

  1. 1.新疆医科大学a公共卫生学院,b护理学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830017;
    2.新疆医科大学第五附属医院骨科,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-22 修回日期:2023-03-14 出版日期:2023-10-01 发布日期:2026-03-26
  • 通信作者: 夏慧玲,副教授,E-mail:395018099@qq.com
  • 作者简介:谢会群,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为流行病与卫生统计学。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2020D01C155)

Study on home environmental safety assessment and influencing factors of the elderly in Urumqi

XIE Huiqun1a, ZHANG Jian2, CHEN Yina1b, LIU Rui1b, XIA Huiling1b   

  1. 1. a School of Public Health,b School of Nursing,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830017,China;
    2. Department of Orthopedics,Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830011,China
  • Received:2023-02-22 Revised:2023-03-14 Online:2023-10-01 Published:2026-03-26
  • Contact: XIA Huiling,Associate professor,E-mail:395018099@qq.com

摘要: 目的 了解乌鲁木齐城市老年人居家环境安全现况及影响因素,为老年人居家环境适老化改造提供参考依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样法抽取乌鲁木齐市8个社区共545名老年人,于2021年8月—2022年3月应用居家环境安全评估问卷进行入户调查。结果 老年人居家环境安全均分为(103.07±7.78)分,以均分为界低分组占48.81%,高分组占51.19%,各维度条目平均分从低到高依次为门窗(1.43±0.59)分、卫生间(1.98±0.23)分、厨房(2.20±0.27)分、客厅(2.23±0.24)分、卧室(2.51±0.26)分、衣服和鞋子(2.69±0.29)分。线性逐步回归分析显示,家中行动不便人数(β=-1.974)、自评环境安全(β=2.148)、文化程度(β=0.499)、住房面积(β=2.889)和婚姻(β=-1.095)为老年人居家环境安全水平的影响因素。结论 乌鲁木齐城市老年人居家环境安全水平处于中等偏低水平,需高度关注家中行动不便人数多、自评环境差、文化程度低、住房面积小以及无伴侣老年人的居家环境,并为其提供相应的环境整改措施,提高其居家安全水平。

关键词: 老年人, 居家环境, 安全评估, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of home environment safety of the elderly in Urumqi,provide a reference basis for the aging-friendly renovation of the elderly home environment. Methods A total of 545 elderly people in eight communities in Urumqi were selected by stratified whole-group sampling method,and a household survey was conducted from August 2021 to March 2022 using the home environment safety assessment questionnaire. Results The mean score of home environment safety for the elderly was (103.07±7.78)points. According to the mean score,the low group accounted for 48.81%,and the high group accounted for 51.19%. The mean scores of each dimension entry in descending order were (1.43±0.59)points for doors and windows,(1.98±0.23)points for bathrooms,(2.20±0.27)points for kitchens,(2.51±0.26)points for bedrooms,and scores ofclothes and shoes were(2.69±0.29)points. The linear stepwise regression analysis revealed that the number of people with mobility impairment at home(β=-1.974),self-rated environmental safety(β=2.148),education level(β=0.499),housing area(β=2.889) and marriage(β=-1.095) were the factors influencing the level of environmental safety at home for the elderly. Conclusion The home environment safety level of urban elderly people in Urumqi is at a medium to low level,and it is necessary to pay high attention to the home environment of elderly people with high number of mobility problems,poor self-assessed environment,low education level,small housing area and unaccompanied elderly people,and provide them with corresponding environmental improvement measures to improve their home safety level.

Key words: The elderly, Home environment, Safety assessment, Influencing factors

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