新疆少数民族大学生营养知识、态度和饮食行为与体质指数的关系

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解新疆少数民族大学生营养知识、态度和饮食行为状况及与体质量指数的关系，为提高新疆少数民族大学生营养知识水平，控制体质量提供参考。方法 2021年4—6月在新疆2所大学共抽取1 842名大学生作为调查对象，对营养知识、态度和行为状况进行调查，分析不同体质量指数大学生营养知识、态度、行为之间的差异。结果新疆少数民族大学生营养知识、营养态度、饮食行为得分分别为（74.26±15.01）、（26.31±3.14）和（35.12±4.92）分。女生在营养知识、态度、饮食行为方面得分均显著高于男生（均P<0.01）。体质量过轻的比例为15.91%，超重和肥胖的学生比例为9.77%。女生体质量过轻的比例显著高于男生，差异有统计学意义（χ²=58.16，P<0.01）;男生超重和肥胖的比例显著高于女生，差异有统计学意义（χ²=142.14，P<0.01）。高年级学生体质量过轻的比例高于低年级学生，同时高年级超重和肥胖的比例则显著低于低年级学生，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。体质量正常的大学生饮食行为得分最高，其次为体质量过轻的学生，得分最低的为超重和肥胖的学生，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。相关分析显示，体质量过轻与饮食行为呈负相关（r=-0.23，P<0.05）;体质量正常、超重和肥胖与饮食行为均呈正相关（r=0.68、0.66，均P<0.05）。结论新疆少数民族大学生饮食行为与体质量指数存在联系，今后应积极开展营养健康教育，采取必要的干预措施以提高其体质健康水平。

关键词: 大学生, 青少年, 营养知识, 体质量指数, 关系

Abstract: Objective To understand the nutritional knowledge，attitudes and dietary behaviors of Xinjiang minority college students and their relationship with body mass index，provide references for improving the nutritional knowledge and weight control of Xinjiang minority college students. Methods From April to June in 2021，a total of 1 842 college students from two universities in Xinjiang were selected as the survey subjects.The nutritional knowledge，attitude and behavior were investigated，to analyze the differences in nutritional knowledge，attitude and behavior of college students with different body mass index. Results The scores of nutritional knowledge，nutritional attitude and eating behavior among Xinjiang minority college students were （74.26±15.01），（26.31±3.14） and （35.12±4.92）points，respectively.The scores of girls in nutritional knowledge，attitude and eating behavior were significantly higher than those of boys，with statistical significance（all P<0.01）.The proportion of underweight students was 15.91%，and the proportion of overweight and obese students was 9.77%.The proportion of underweight girls was significantly higher than that of boys，with statistical significance（χ²=58.16，P<0.01）. The proportion of overweight and obese boys was significantly higher than that of girls，with statistical significance（χ²=142.14，P<0.01）.The proportion of underweight students in the upper gradeswas higher than that of students in the lower grades，while the proportions of overweight and obesity in the upper grades were significantly lower than those of students in the lower grades，and the differences were statistically significant（both P<0.05）.The normal-weight college students scored the highest on eating behavior，followed by underweight students，while the overweight and obese students had the lowest scores，and the differenceswere statistically significant（P<0.05）. The correlation analysis showed that underweight was negatively correlated with eating behavior（r=-0.23，P<0.05），while the normal weight，overweight and obesity were positively correlated with eating behavior（r=0.68，0.66，both P<0.05）. Conclusion There is a connection between the dietary behavior and the body mass index of minority college students in Xinjiang，so the nutrition and health education should be actively carried out in the future，and necessary intervention measures should be taken to improve their physical fitness.

Key words: College students, Adolescents, Nutritional knowledge, Body mass index, Relationship

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺7

胡毅茹. 新疆少数民族大学生营养知识、态度和饮食行为与体质指数的关系. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(2): 252-255.

HU Yi-ru. Nutritional knowledge，attitude，and eating behavior of Xinjiang minority college students and its relationship with body mass index. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(2): 252-255.

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