关键词: 重点行业, 职业病危害, 监测

Abstract: Objective To understand the distribution and degree of occupational hazard factors in key industries in Fujian Province,provide reference basis for formulating occupational health related policies and occupational disease prevention and control work. Methods According to the 2021 Fujian Province Workplace Occupational Disease Hazards Monitoring Work Plan,a survey and monitoring was conducted on 1 216 key industries with occupational hazard factors in Fujian Province in 2021,and the data were analyzed. Results The top three occupational hazards that the people exposed to were noise（72 011 people）,silica dust（36 373 people）,and coal dust（5 015 people）. The overall exceeding standard rate of post testing was 22.87%,the top three hazard factors of the highest exceeding standard rate were silica dust（40.52%）,noise（35.97%）,and cement dust（32.38%）,with a statistically significant difference（χ²=21.712,P<0.01）. The overall exceeding standard rate of workplace testing was 23.74%,the top three hazard factors of the highest exceeding standard rate were silica dust（38.87%）,noise（36.28%）,and cement dust（32.32%）,with a statistically significant difference（χ²=7.313,P<0.05）. From the perspective of industry distribution,most positions exposed to silicon dust had a high rate of exceeding the standard,with the highest rate of exceeding the standard in the automotive manufacturing industry（55.00%）. From the perspective of job exposure level,the positions with a high level of silicon dust exposure include crushing（64.29%）,packaging（63.64%）,blasting（50.00%） in the non-metallic mineral mining and processing industry,as well as dry grinding（81.10%）,pulverizing（80.00%）,and polishing（64.29%） in the metal mineral products industry. Conclusions The situation of prevention and control of occupational hazards in the workplace of key industries in Fujian Province in 2021 is still very serious,the detection results of silicon dust and noise exceed the standard,which is particularly serious,and the number of employers with these occupational hazards is large and widely distributed. The occupational health supervision department and employers need to take comprehensive management measures in a timely,scientific and effective manner,strengthen monitoring and supervision,improve the working environment of labor production,and increase the coverage of occupational hazard factor monitoring and occupational health examination,so as to effectively ensure the occupational health and safety of workers.

Key words: Key industries, Occupational hazards, Monitoring