关键词: 尘肺, 首诊时间, 终末期别, 死亡, 根本死因

Abstract: Objective To analyse the characteristic of 29 932 pneumoconiosis dead cases in Liaoning Province,and provide scientific basis for formulating tertiary prevention policy. Methods The dead cases of pneumoconiosis patients reported up to the end of 2022 in Liaoning Province were enrolled as respondents. The death age,the cause of death,the length of service and the underlying causes of death were taken as the indexes to analyse the differences between different sexes,decades,types of pneumoconiosis and last stages. Results Among the 29 932 dead patients,a male/female ratio was 20.8∶1. The first visit time was mostly concentrated from 1980 to 1999,accounting for 50.2%. The main type of pneumoconiosis was silicosis,accounting for 84.5%. The last stage was mainly stage I,accounting for 68.9%. Compared with female patients,the death age of male patients was lower,the course of disease was shorter,and the length of dust exposure was longer. The age of death of patients whose first visit time were from 1950 to 1959 was the lowest,and the course of disease gradually extended with the development of the times. The length of service was the longest in patients diagnosed from 1990 to 1999,with an average of 23.2 years. The death age of silicosis patients was the lowest,and the course of disease and the length of service were the shortest. The higher the last stage,the lower the age of death,the shorter the course of disease and the length of service. Pneumoconiosis and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were the main causes of death in patients with occupational pneumoconiosis in Liaoning Province. Conclusion The government of Liaoning Province should continue to strengthen the supervision of industries and regions with serious dust hazards. While actively treating pneumoconiosis,attention should be paid to the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,lung infections and malignant tumors,which can prolong the survival time of patients and improve the quality of life.

Key words: Pneumoconiosis, The first visit time, The last stage, Death, The underlying causes of death