淮安市小微企业职业病危害现状分析

职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 308-311.

淮安市小微企业职业病危害现状分析

姜泽润, 何冬冬, 王宏亮, 霍彬彬

淮安市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科，江苏淮安 223002

收稿日期:2022-07-08 修回日期:2022-07-18 发布日期:2026-03-02
通信作者: 何冬冬，副主任医师，E-mail：164588214@qq.com
作者简介:姜泽润，女，医师，主要从事职业卫生工作。
基金资助:
淮安市自然科学软课题（HAKX20210036）

Analysis on current status of occupational hazards in small and micro enterprises in Huai'an City

JIANG Ze-run, HE Dong-dong, WANG Hong-liang, HUO Bin-bin

Department of Public Health，Huai'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention，Huai'an Jiangsu 223002，China

Received:2022-07-08 Revised:2022-07-18 Published:2026-03-02
Contact: HE Dong-dong，Associate chief physician，E-mail：164588214@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解淮安市小微企业职业病危害现状，为改善小微企业职业病防治工作提供依据。方法 2020年7—10月，根据《淮安市职业病危害现状调查实施方案》要求开展职业病危害种类及接触情况、职业病危害因素检测等调查，并对工作场所职业病危害因素监测系统导出的小微企业监测数据进行分析。结果本次调查共覆盖淮安市5 076家小微型工业企业，其中微型企业2 814家（占55.44%），小型企业2 262家（占44.56%），行业以纺织服装、服饰业和金属制品业为主。小微企业从业人员中职业病危害因素接触比例为56.50%，微型企业（64.56%）高于小型企业（56.62%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。物理因素危害主要以噪声为主，粉尘主要包括棉尘、其他粉尘和铁及其化合物粉尘，化学因素以其他化学因素、一氧化碳和苯为主。职业病危害项目申报及培训情况均不容乐观，尤其是微型企业，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。小微企业在过去3年开展过职业病危害因素检测的企业仅占7.37%，开展职业健康监护的企业仅占7.27%。结论淮安市小微企业职业病危害现况比较严峻，尤其是微型企业，应该加强监管，改善劳动者工作环境，维护劳动者健康权益。

关键词: 职业病危害, 小微企业, 现状调查, 淮安市

Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation of occupational hazards in small and micro enterprises in Huai'an City，provide a basis for improving the prevention and control of occupational diseases in small and micro enterprises. Methods From July to October 2020，the investigation was carried out according to the requirements of the Implementation plan for the current situation investigation of occupational hazards in Huai'an City，including category and exposure of occupational hazard factors and detection of occupational hazard factors，and the monitoring data of small and micro enterprises derived from the monitoring system of occupational hazards in the workplace were analyzed. Results The survey covered a total of 5 076 small and micro industrial enterprises in Huai'an City，including 2 814 micro enterprises（55.44%） and 2 262 small enterprises（44.56%）. The industry was dominated by textile and garment，apparel and metal industries. The exposure ratio of occupational hazards among employees of small and micro enterprises was 56.50%，of which the ratio in micro enterprise（64.56%） was higher than small enterprise（56.62%）（P<0.05）. The physical hazards were mainly noise，the dust mainly included cotton dust，other dust and iron and its compound dust，and the chemical factors were mainly other chemical factors，carbon monoxide and benzene. The occupational hazards project declaration and training were not optimistic，especially for micro enterprises（P<0.05）. Only 7.37% of small and micro enterprises have carried out occupational hazards detection in the past three years，and only 7.27% of enterprises have carried out occupational health monitoring. Conclusion The occupational hazards of small and micro enterprises in Huai'an City are relatively serious，especially micro enterprises，and it is necessary to strengthen supervision，improve the working environment of workers and safeguard the health rights and interests of workers.

Key words: Occupational hazards, Small and micro enterprises, Analysis of current status, Huai'an City

中图分类号:

R135

姜泽润, 何冬冬, 王宏亮, 霍彬彬. 淮安市小微企业职业病危害现状分析. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(3): 308-311.

JIANG Ze-run, HE Dong-dong, WANG Hong-liang, HUO Bin-bin. Analysis on current status of occupational hazards in small and micro enterprises in Huai'an City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(3): 308-311.

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