大气污染与气象因素对郑州市不同人群和急慢性呼吸系统疾病的影响

职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 577-583.

• 论著 •

大气污染与气象因素对郑州市不同人群和急慢性呼吸系统疾病的影响

林珊珊¹, 何慧慧¹, 贾瑞¹, 杜娟¹, 马宁怡¹, 李亚^1,2

1.河南中医药大学中医药防治呼吸病重点实验室,河南郑州 450046;
2.河南中医药大学第一附属医院中药药理（呼吸）实验室,河南郑州 450000

收稿日期:2022-07-27 修回日期:2022-08-22 发布日期:2026-03-03
通信作者: 李亚,副主任医师,E-mail：liya@hactcm.edu.cn
作者简介:林珊珊,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为中医药防治呼吸系统疾病。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（82074403）; 河南省科技攻关项目（182102310102）; 河南省中医药科学研究专项课题（20-21ZY1019）; 河南省特色骨干学科中医学学科建设项目（STG-ZYXKY-2020014）

Impact of air pollution and meteorological factors on different populations and acute and chronic respiratory diseases in Zhengzhou City

LIN Shan-shan¹, HE Hui-hui¹, JIA Rui¹, DU Juan¹, MA Ning-yi¹, LI Ya^1,2

1. Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou Henan 450046,China;
2. Respiratory Pharmacological Laboratory of Chinese Medicine,First Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou Henan 450000,China

Received:2022-07-27 Revised:2022-08-22 Published:2026-03-03
Contact: LI Ya,Associate chief physician,E-mail：liya@hactcm.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨郑州市大气污染物与气象因素对呼吸系统疾病门诊量的影响。方法基于2013年10月28日—2018年5月31日期间郑州市大气污染物与气象因素数据,利用分布滞后非线性模型（distributed lag non-linear models,DLNM）分析大气污染物、气象因素与呼吸系统门诊就诊量之间的暴露-滞后效应,并根据性别、年龄和急慢性呼吸系统疾病分层分析。结果最佳滞后日下,CO、NO₂、SO₂、可吸入性颗粒物（inhalable particulate matter,PM₁₀）和细颗粒物（fine particulate matter,PM_2.5）每增加10 μg/m³,相对危险（risk ratio,RR）值分别为1.126（95%CI：1.011~1.254）、1.014（95%CI：1.011~1.018）、1.006（95%CI：1.002~1.010）、1.001（95%CI：1.000~1.002）、1.001（95%CI：1.000~1.001）,大气O₃浓度对门诊人数无显著影响。低温、低相对湿度（relative humidity,RH）对呼吸系统疾病门诊量影响较大。亚组分析显示,PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂、NO₂对女性的影响大于男性,CO对男性影响较大;PM_2.5、PM₁₀、NO₂、CO对慢性呼吸系统疾病、年龄<19岁及≥60岁人群影响较大,SO₂对急性呼吸系统疾病、年龄19~<60岁及≥60岁人群影响较大;低温、低RH对女性及年龄≥60岁人群影响较大。结论大气污染物与气象因素对呼吸系统疾病门诊量具有显著影响,以女性、年龄<19岁及≥60岁人群更为敏感。

关键词: 呼吸系统疾病, 大气污染物, 气象因素, 分布滞后非线性模型

Abstract: Objective To explore the influence of air pollutants and meteorological factors on the outpatient visits of respiratory diseases in Zhengzhou City. Methods Based on the data of air pollutants and meteorological factors in Zhengzhou City from October 28,2013 to May 1,2018,the distributed lag non-linear models（DLNM） was used to analyze the exposure-lag effect between air pollutants,meteorological factors and outpatient visits of respiratory system,and the stratified analysis was conducted according to sex,age and acute and chronic respiratory diseases. Results Under the best lag day,for every 10 μg/m³ increase in CO,NO₂,SO₂,inhalable particulate matter（PM₁₀） and fine particulate matter（PM_2.5）,the relative risk（RR） value was 1.126（95%CI：1.011-1.254）,1.014（95%CI：1.011-1.018）,1.006（95%CI：1.002-1.010）,1.001（95%CI：1.000-1.002）,1.001（95%CI：1.000-1.001）,respectively. The atmospheric O₃ concentration had no significant effect on the number of outpatients. The low temperature and low relative humidity（RH） had a greater impact on the outpatient visits of respiratory diseases. The subgroup analysis showd,females were particularly vulnerable to PM_2.5,PM₁₀,SO₂,and NO₂,while CO had a greater impact on males. PM_2.5,PM₁₀,NO₂ and CO had a greater impact on population with chronic respiratory diseases,aged <19 years old and aged ≥60 years old. SO₂ had a greater impact on population with acute respiratory diseases,aged 19-<60 years old and aged ≥60 years old. The low temperature and low RH had a greater impact on females and people aged ≥60 years old. Conclusion The air pollutants and meteorological factors have a significant impact on the outpatient visits of respiratory diseases,and female and people aged <19 and ≥60 years old are more sensitive.

Key words: Respiratory diseases, Air pollutants, Meteorological factor, Distributed lag non-linear model

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺4

林珊珊, 何慧慧, 贾瑞, 杜娟, 马宁怡, 李亚. 大气污染与气象因素对郑州市不同人群和急慢性呼吸系统疾病的影响. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(5): 577-583.

LIN Shan-shan, HE Hui-hui, JIA Rui, DU Juan, MA Ning-yi, LI Ya. Impact of air pollution and meteorological factors on different populations and acute and chronic respiratory diseases in Zhengzhou City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(5): 577-583.

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大气污染与气象因素对郑州市不同人群和急慢性呼吸系统疾病的影响

Impact of air pollution and meteorological factors on different populations and acute and chronic respiratory diseases in Zhengzhou City

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