2015—2020年保定市大气细颗粒物中多环芳烃的健康风险评估

职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8): 1086-1091.

2015—2020年保定市大气细颗粒物中多环芳烃的健康风险评估

杨磊, 李小平, 王颖颖, 侯烨, 张玉玺

保定市疾病预防控制中心环境健康监测评价科,河北保定 071000

收稿日期:2022-09-08 修回日期:2022-10-24 发布日期:2026-03-11
通信作者: 张玉玺,主任医师,E-mail：yl31630378@163.com
作者简介:杨磊,女,副主任技师,主要从事环境健康监测评价工作。

Health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric fine particulates matters of Baoding City from 2015-2020

YANG Lei, Li Xiao-ping, WANG Ying-ying, HOU Ye, ZHANG Yu-xi

Environmental Health Monitoring and Evaluation Section,Baoding Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baoding Hebei 071000,China

Received:2022-09-08 Revised:2022-10-24 Published:2026-03-11
Contact: ZHANG Yu-xi,Chief physician,E-mail：yl31630378@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析2015—2020年保定市城区大气细颗粒物中多环芳烃的污染水平,并进行健康风险评估。方法 2015—2020年检测保定市竞秀区某小学附近大气颗粒物中16种多环芳烃浓度,利用毒性当量法、日均暴露量计算超额致癌风险、非致癌风险评估保定市大气中16种多环芳烃的人群健康风险,并对数据进行分析。结果 2015—2020年16种多环芳烃采暖期总浓度由21.96 μg/m³下降至2.17 μg/m³,非采暖期总浓度由2.85 μg/m³下降至0.53 μg/m³;2015—2020年7种致癌多环芳烃的终生超额风险为1.09×10^-6~20.49×10^-6;对于非致癌风险,2018—2020年苯并芘的危害商<1,但苯并芘危害商的P₉₅值>1; 。结论大气颗粒物中多环芳烃仍存在超额致癌风险和非致癌风险,还要引起一定的关注,需要继续采取措施对大气环境进行治理。

关键词: 大气颗粒物, 多环芳烃, 健康风险评估

Abstract: Objective To analyze the pollution levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in atmospheric fine particulates matterin Baoding City from 2015 to 2020 and assess the health risks. Methods The concentrations of 16 kinds of PAHs in theatmospheric fine particulates matters near a primary school in Jingxiu District of Baoding City were detected from 2015 to 2020. The toxicity equivalent method and daily average exposure were used to calculate the excess carcinogenic risk and non carcinogenic risk,to assess the population healthrisk of 16 kinds of PAHs in theatmospheric fine particulates matters in Baoding City,and the data were analyzed. Results From 2015 to 2020,the total concentration of 16 PAHs during the heating period decreased from 21.96 μg/m³ to 2.17 μg/m³,and the total concentration during the non-heating period decreased from 2.85 μg/m³ to 0.53 μg/m³. The lifetime excess risk of seven carcinogenic PAHs from 2015 to 2020 was 1.09×10^-6-20.49×10^-6. For the non-carcinogenic risk,the hazard quotient of benzopyrene from 2018 to 2020 was >1,but the P₉₅ of benzopyrene hazard quotient was >1. Conclusion There are still excess carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of PAHs in atmospheric fine particulates matters,and certain concerns should be raised,which the measures should continue to be taken to control the atmospheric environment.

Key words: Atmospheric particulate matters, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Health risk assessment

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺4

杨磊, 李小平, 王颖颖, 侯烨, 张玉玺. 2015—2020年保定市大气细颗粒物中多环芳烃的健康风险评估. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(8): 1086-1091.

YANG Lei, Li Xiao-ping, WANG Ying-ying, HOU Ye, ZHANG Yu-xi. Health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric fine particulates matters of Baoding City from 2015-2020. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(8): 1086-1091.

参考文献

[1] WANG Y S,YAO L,WANG L L,et al.Mechanism for the formation of the January 2013 heavy haze pollution episode over central and eastern China[J].Sci China Earth Sci,2014,57(1):14-25.
[2] MIN L C,XIA W H,QIANG X X,et al.Tiered transferable pollutant pricing for cooperative control of air quality to alleviate cross-regional air pollution in China[J].Atmos Pollut Res,2018,9(5):857-863.
[3] 张向敏,罗燊,李卓凡,等.中国空气质量空间格局影响因素研究[J].信阳师范学院学报(自然科学版),2020,33(1):83-88.
[4] 祁士华,盛国英,傅家谟,等.澳门大气气溶胶中多环芳烃的源解析尝试[J].中国环境科学,2002,22(2):23-27.
[5] 王敏,邢燕,高慧,等.2018年淄博市某城区大气PM_2.5中多环芳烃的源解析及健康风险评估[J].预防医学论坛,2021,27(6):437-439,444.
[6] 邹昃灏,赵时真,田乐乐,等.珠江三角洲城市大气中多环芳烃的污染特征、来源解析和健康风险评估[J].地球化学,2021,50(6):644-653.
[7] 段小丽. 多环芳烃污染的人体暴露和健康风险评价方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2011:1.
[8] 金银龙,李永红,常君瑞,等.我国五城市大气多环芳烃污染水平及健康风险评价[J].环境与健康杂志,2011,28(9):758-761.
[9] 杨磊,贾冬华,张维,等.气相色谱-质谱法测定大气颗粒物中多环芳烃化·合物的方法改进[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2019,29(13):1553-1556.
[10] 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会.大气污染人群健康风险评估技术规范:WS/T 666—2019[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2019:19-22.
[11] 李文静,张美云,万博宇,等.北京市朝阳区大气PM_2.5中多环芳烃的污染特征及健康风险评估[J].职业与健康,2021,37(16):2235-2238,2242.
[12] 郑志侠,潘成荣,高坤龙,等.合肥市大气颗粒物PM₁₀和PM_2.5中PAHs的污染特征及健康风险评估[J].环境科学导刊,2014,33(6):55-59.
[13] 黄楠,王贝贝,钱岩,等.多环芳烃呼吸暴露的健康风险评估研究进展[J].环境与可持续发展,2011,36(1):1-4.
[14] NISBET I C,LAGOY P K.Toxic equivalency factors(TEFs) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)[J].Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology:RTP,1992,16(3):290-300.
[15] 张盼. 北京市细颗粒物中多环芳烃暴露的健康风险评价[D].西安:西安工程大学,2018.
[16] 江思力,李文学,步犁,等.广州市2018年大气PM_2.5中多环芳烃的污染特征分析和健康风险评价[J].中国热带医学,2020,20(8):710-716.
[17] 刘聪聪,杨新亚,宋睿,等.金华市冬季大气颗粒物PM_2.5中多环芳烃的污染现状及健康风险评价[J].科学通报,2017,62(12):1285-1291.
[18] 康敏捷,樊文华,武智辉,等.太原市冬季大气颗粒物中多环芳烃分布特征及健康风险评价研究[J].环境科学与管理,2021,46(5):180-184.
[19] 段小丽. 多环芳烃污染的人体暴露和健康风险评价方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2011:136-137
[20] 冯利红,李永刚,赵岩,等.天津市大气细颗粒物中多环芳烃人群健康风险评估[J].实用预防医学,2015,22(11):1322-1325.
[21] 曹萌,王丽珩,彭秀苗,等.2016—2020年济南市两城区大气PM_2.5中多环芳烃浓度特征及慢性健康风险评估[J].山东大学学报(医学版),2021,59(12):87-95.
[22] 孙成瑶,唐大镜,陈凤格,等.2016—2020年石家庄市大气PM_2.5化学成分变化趋势及健康风险评估[J].山东大学学报(医学版),2021,59(12):78-86.
[23] 沈登辉,唐剑,张汉杰,等.2020—2021年芜湖市主城区大气PM_2.5中多环芳烃污染特征及健康风险评估[J].现代预防医学,2021,48(23):4252-4255,4316.
[24] 木拉提,王佳佳,丽娜,等.沙尘天气期间大气PM_2.5和PM₁₀中部分元素浓度的变化特征[J].环境与健康杂志,2010,27(9):755-758,847.
[25] 韩金保,肖亚楠,刘晨飞,等.保定市环境空气PM_2.5中多环芳烃污染特征及呼吸暴露风险[J].安全与环境学报,2020,20(4):1459-1466.
[26] 唐志刚,刘喆,李韵谱,等.2016年北京市某城区采暖季PM_2.5中PAHs的污染特征及来源分析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2022,12(2):87-94.