基于SCL-90评估中国抗疫一线医务人员心理健康状况的meta分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的综合评估新型冠状病毒感染疫情期间我国一线医务人员的心理健康状况,为一线医务人员开展心理健康评估和干预提供科学依据。方法通过检索中国知网、万方、PubMed等多个数据库,收集新型冠状病毒感染疫情期间运用SCL-90量表测量我国一线医务人员心理健康状况的横断面研究,检索时限至2022年4月。符合纳入排除标准的文献运用Rev Man 5.4软件进行数据整理和分析。结果共纳入20篇文献,总计3 046名医务人员。Meta分析结果显示,与全国成人常模比较,一线医务人员在躯体化、焦虑、恐怖3项因子上的得分明显高于常模,在人际关系敏感上的得分均明显低于常模（均P<0.05）;不同性别医务人员比较,男性在躯体化、焦虑、强迫3项因子上的得分均明显低于女性（均P<0.05）;不同岗位比较,医生在躯体化、强迫、焦虑3项因子上的得分均低于护士（均P<0.05）;不同婚姻状况比较,9项因子上的差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。结论一线医务人员的心理健康状况低于成人常模,应采取切实可行的措施改善这种现状,针对医务人员心理健康突出的问题应积极进行健康教育和心理疏导。

关键词: 一线医务人员, 心理健康状况, SCL-90, Meta分析

Abstract: Objective To comprehensively evaluate the mental health status of front-line medical staff in China during the Coronavirus Disease 2019（COVID-19） pandemic,provide scientific basis for the mental health evaluation and intervention of front-line medical staff. Methods A cross-sectional study on measuring the mental health status of front-line medical staff in China with SCL-90 during the COVID-19 pandemic was collected by searching databases such as CNKI,WanFang and PubMed.The retrieval time limit is April 2022. Rev Man 5.4 software was used to sort out and analyze the the literature that conform to the inclusion criteria. Results A total of 20 cross-sectional studies were included,involving 3 046 medical workers. The meta-analysis results showed that the scores of somatization,anxiety and terror were significantly higher than the national adult norms,while the scores of interpersonal sensitivity were significantly lower than the norms（all P<0.05）. Among medical personnel of different genders,the scores of somatization,anxiety and compulsion in men were significantly lower than those in women（all P<0.05）. In different positions,the scores of somatization,compulsion and anxiety in doctors were lower than those in nurses（all P<0.05）. There were no statistically significant difference in the nine factors among medical staff with different marital status（all P>0.05）. Conclusion The mental health status of front-line medical staff is lower than that of adult norms,the practical measures should be taken to improve this situation,and health education and psychological counseling should be actively carried out to address the prominent psychological health problems of medical personnel.

Key words: Front-line medical staff, Mental health status, SCL-90, Meta analysis

中图分类号:

R192

刘婷婷, 程胜娟, 杨淑怡. 基于SCL-90评估中国抗疫一线医务人员心理健康状况的meta分析. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(9): 1263-1267.

LIU Ting-ting, CHENG Sheng-juan, YANG Shu-yi. Meta-analysis of mental health status of front-line medical staff in the fight against the epidemic in China based on SCL-90. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(9): 1263-1267.

参考文献

[1] 吴月,朱盛,陈震雷,等.新冠肺炎流行期瑞安市医护人员心理健康状态[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2020,34(12):1056-1061.
[2] 张宁,屈云飞,史文新,等.新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间某院一线医护人员焦虑抑郁状况[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2020,28(12):1825-1829.
[3] KANG L,LI Y,HU S,et al.The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan,China dealing with the 2019 novel coronavirus[J].Lancet Psychiatry,2020,7(3):e14.
[4] LI W,YANG G Y,LIU Z H,et al.Progression of mental health services during the COVID-19 outbreak in China[J].Int J Biol Sci,2020,16(10):1732-1738.
[5] 曾宪涛,刘慧,陈曦,等.Meta分析系列之四:观察性研究的质量评价工具[J].中国循证心血管医学杂志,2012,4(4):297-299.
[6] WANG S,LI Y,LI X,et al.An assessment of the mental health of front-line medical staff involved in the COVID-19 outbreak in Chongqing,China[J].Psychol Health Med,2022;27(1):106-112.
[7] XIE J,LIU Q,JIANG X,et al.Psychological health issues of medical staff during the COVID-19 outbreak[J].Front Psychiatry,2021,12:611223.
[8] 王竞,程雅倩,周照,等.新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对武汉市一线医护人员心理状况的影响[J].武汉大学学报(医学版),2020,41(4):547-550.
[9] 张玉萍,谭修竹,蒋丹丹,等.抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎首批一线医护人员的心理状况调査[J].天津护理,2020,28(6):672-675.
[10] 邓茂林,杨卓,邓湘辉,等.103例新型冠状病毒肺炎一线医护工作者心理状况调查[J].国际精神病学杂志,2020,47(3):429-431.
[11] 邵灿,杜粉静,崔珍逖,等.新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间一线医护人员心理调查[J].山西医科大学学报,2020,51(5):449-453.
[12] 蔡芳芳,袁琴.抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎临床一线医护人员心理状况调査与干预对策[J].全科护理,2020,18(7):827-828.
[13] 靳云洲,李明芳.新型冠状病毒肺炎某隔离病区医护人员心理状况调查分析[J].心理月刊,2020,15(17):144-145.
[14] 孙宁,陈双琴,李倩茹,等.援助湖北一线医务人员心理健康状况的研究[J].中华护理杂志,2020,55(S1):102-104.
[15] 刘梦青,高东,梁金妹.桂林市某医院援鄂“抗疫”医护人员及其家属心理应激现状调查[J].广西医学,2020,42(12):1572-1576.
[16] 司晓云,侯艳平,张姝,等.COVID-19期间对一线医护人员心理调查及进行针对性干预效果分析[J].心理月刊,2020,15(17):83-85.
[17] 杨林,郑直,王秀珍,等.新冠肺炎隔离病房医护人员心理健康状况及应对方式分析[J].精神医学杂志,2020,33(4):252-254.
[18] 李东霞,吴松杰,马力,等.新冠肺炎精神科隔离病房医护人员心理健康状况调查[J].精神医学杂志,2020,33(4):247-251.
[19] 陈琳,吴金玉,帅俊坤,等.抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎隔离病房与非隔离病房医护人员心理状况调查[J].浙江医学,2020,42(7):723-725,729.
[20] 刘玮玮,裴青燕,仝麟龙,等.抗疫一线医务人员心理健康状况调查及对策建议[J].心理月刊,2021,16(13):35-37,70.
[21] 缪萍萍,杨璐,张莉,等.新冠疫情时期宁波援鄂医护人员心理特征分析[J].浙江临床医学,2021,23(8):1181-1183.
[22] 李燕,孟永霞.某部队医院抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎一线医务人员心理状况结果分析[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2021,39(1):25-27.
[23] 李彩霞,陶保菊,张美君.抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎一线医务人员心理状况调查分析[J].心理月刊,2021,16(18):219-220.
[24] 王翠,高萍,邓媛丽,等.抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎援鄂医护人员的心理健康状况调查分析[J].中国药物与临床,2021,21(4):583-585.
[25] 马明芳,肖瑾,辛霞.新冠肺炎疫情下一线医务人员心理健康状态分析及应对策略[J].中国医学伦理学,2021,34(4):496-500.
[26] 金华,吴文源,张明园.中国正常人SCL-90评定结果的初步分析[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志,1986,12(5):260-263.
[27] 刁鹏飞.心理防御机制的研究综述[J].科教导刊,2015,37(8):176.
[28] 李娟,韦道祥,谢静.COVID-2019疫情常态化防控期间蚌埠市规范化培训住院医师心理健康状况调查分析[J].中华全科医学,2022,20(2):278-281.
[29] 褚建欣,许龙,冯鑫媛,等.新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对天津市医护人员心理及躯体状况的影响[J].职业与健康,2022,38(5):640-644.
[30] ZHU J,SUN L,ZHANG L,et al.Prevalence and influencing factors of anxiety and depression symptoms in the first-line medical staff fighting against COVID-19 in Gansu[J].Front Psychiatry,2020,11:386.
[31] LIU C Y,YANG Y Z,ZHANG X M,et al.The prevalence and influencing factors in anxiety in medical workers fighting COVID-19 in China:A cross-sectional survey[J].Epidemiol Infect,2020,148:e98.
[32] ZHANG W R,WANG K,YIN L,et al.Mental health and psychosocial problems of medical health workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in China[J].Psychother Psychosom,2020,89(4):242-250.