医院疗养人员疲劳状况与心理健康的相关性及心理健康影响因素研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探究医院疗养人员疲劳状况与心理健康的相关性及心理健康影响因素。方法抽取2020年1月—2022年12月来青岛某疗养中心进行保健疗养的350名从事特殊职业人员为调查对象,采用自编一般资料调查问卷、疲劳评定量表（fatigue assessment instrument,FAI）及症状自评量表（self-reporting inventory,SCL-90）对其一般情况、疲劳状况及心理健康状况进行调查和测评,探讨医院疗养人员心理健康影响因素。结果 350名在院疗养人员FAI量表中疲劳严重程度得分为（3.81±0.42）分,疲劳的环境特异性得分为（4.85±0.50）分,疲劳结果得分为（4.90±0.51）分,得分均低于慢性疲劳综合征患者[（5.46±1.22）、（5.24±1.26）和（6.06±1.12）分]。疲劳对休息睡眠反应因子得分为（5.18±0.55）分,高于慢性疲劳综合征患者[（4.48±1.95）分],差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。350名在院疗养人员FAI疲劳严重程度、疲劳的环境特异性、疲劳结果因子得分均高于健康对照者[（3.36±1.64）、（4.58±1.59）和（4.65±2.01）分],疲劳对休息睡眠的反应因子得分低于健康对照者[（5.74±1.80）分],差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。在院疗养人员SCL-90各因子得分及总均分均高于中国正常成人常模,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。Pearson相关分析显示,医院疗养人员FAI疲劳严重程度、疲劳的环境特异性、疲劳结果因子得分均与SCL-90量表总分及9个因子得分呈正相关（均P<0.05）。多元线性逐步回归分析显示,疲劳严重程度、疲劳的环境特异性、疲劳结果因子进入以SCL-90量表总分为因变量的回归方程,疲劳严重程度、疲劳环境特异性是医院疗养人员心理健康状况差的重要影响因素。结论在疗养中心进行疗养的人员普遍存在疲劳、心理健康状况差的问题,且二因素关系密切,疲劳状况是影响其心理健康的重要影响因素。

关键词: 疲劳状况, 心理健康, 疗养人员, 相关性, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the correlation between fatigue status and mental health of hospital convalescents and the factors influencing mental health. Methods A total of 354 individuals engaged in special professions undergoing health care and recuperation at a rehabilitation center in Qingdao from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as subjects. A self-designed general information survey questionnaire,fatigue assessment instrument（FAI）,and self reporting inventory（SCL-90） were used to investigate and evaluate their general situation,fatigue status,and mental health status,and the factors affecting the mental health of hospital convalescents were explored. Results The scores of FAI sensitivity factor,environmental specificity and psychological consequences among 350 hospital convalescents were （3.81±0.42）,（4.85±0.50） and （4.90±0.51）points,respectively,which were lower than those of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome[（5.46±1.22）,（5.24±1.26） and （6.06±1.12）points]. The factor score of responses to rest/sleep was （5.18±0.55）points,which was higher than that in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome[（4.48±1.95）points],and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The scores of FAI sensitivity factor,environmental specificity and psychological consequences among 350 hospital convalescents were higher than those of healthy controls[（3.36±1.64）,（4.58±1.59） and （4.65±2.01）points],while the factor score of responses to rest/sleep was lower than that of healthy controls[（5.74±1.80）points],with statistically significant differences（all P<0.05）. The factor scores and total mean scores of SCL-90 scale in hospital convalescents were higher than normal adult norms in China,with statistically significant differences（all P<0.05）. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the scores of FAI sensitivity factor,environmental specificity and psychological consequences were positively correlated with the total SCL-90 scale score and the nine factor scores（all P<0.05）. The multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that sensitivity factor,environmental specificity and psychological consequences factors entered the regression equation with the dependent variable of the SCL-90 scale total score. The sensitivity factor and environmental specificity were significant influencing factor for the poor mental health status of hospital convalescents. Conclusion The convalescent personnel in this rehabilitation center generally have fatigue and poor mental health,the two factors are closely related,and fatigue is an important influencing factor on their mental health.

Key words: Fatigue status, Mental health, Convalescents, Correlation, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R395.6

张娟, 王琦. 医院疗养人员疲劳状况与心理健康的相关性及心理健康影响因素研究. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(11): 1503-1507.

ZHANG Juan, WANG Qi. Study on correlation between fatigue status and mental health of hospital convalescents and influencing factors of mental health. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(11): 1503-1507.

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