职业与健康 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 1688-1691.

• 调查研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

天津市5 344家企业职业病危害申报情况分析

赵雪, 封琳敏, 郭笑笑, 刘静   

  1. 天津市疾病预防控制中心职业健康研究所职业危害监测科,天津 300011
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-03 修回日期:2023-10-31 出版日期:2024-06-15 发布日期:2026-03-13
  • 通信作者: 刘静,主任医师,E-mail:liujing@tj.gov.cn
  • 作者简介:赵雪,女,医师,主要从事职业卫生工作。
  • 基金资助:
    天津市自然科学面上项目(20JCYBJC00270); 天津市医学重点建设学科(TJYXZDXK-066B)

Analysis on occupational disease hazard declaration of 5 344 enterprises in Tianjin City

ZHAO Xue, FENG Linmin, GUO Xiaoxiao, LIU Jing   

  1. Occupational Hazard Surveillance Section, Institute of Occupational Health, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China
  • Received:2023-09-03 Revised:2023-10-31 Online:2024-06-15 Published:2026-03-13
  • Contact: LIU Jing,Chief physician,E-mail:liujing@tj.gov.cn

摘要: 目的 分析天津市企业职业病危害申报情况,为天津市职业病防控工作提供科学依据。方法 通过天津市职业病危害申报系统,收集2022年1—12月申报并通过审核企业资料,整理分析职业病危害分布情况。结果 截至2022年,天津市完成申报并通过审核的企业共5 344家,接触职业病危害因素243 340人,接害率31.69%。接害人群主要集中在远郊五区,占44.82%,按企业规模主要集中在小型企业,占54.08%,按经济类型主要集中在内资企业,占31.82%。企业危害因素超标情况中,超标率最高为噪声(10.78%),其次为高温(5.76%)。企业职业病危害因素接害率、检测率及健康检查开展率在不同地区、企业规模、经济类型、行业间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论 天津市职业病防护应以小微企业、港澳台投资和外商投资企业为主,重点加强对存在噪声、高温、矽尘危害因素企业的监督管理,同时加强职业病危害因素监测和健康检查力度。

关键词: 职业病危害申报, 职业病防治, 健康检查

Abstract: Objective To analyze the occupational disease hazard declaration situation of enterprises in Tianjin City and provide scientific basis for occupational disease prevention and control work in Tianjin City. Methods By using the declaration system of occupational disease hazards in Tianjin,we collected the information on enterprises that have been declared and reviewed from January to December 2022,and organize and analyze the distribution of occupational disease hazards. Results As of 2022,a total of 5 344 enterprises in Tianjin City had completed the application and passed the review,243 340 people(31.69%) were exposed to occupational hazard factors. The damaged population was mainly concentrated in the five districts in the outer suburbs(44.82%),small enterprises(54.08%),and domestic enterprises(31.82%). In cases which the hazardous factors of the enterprise exceed the standard,the highest exceedance rate was noise(10.78%),followed by high temperature(5.76%). There were significant differences in the exposure rate,detection rate and health examination implementation rate between different regions,enterprise scales,economic types and industries(all P<0.01). Conclusion The occupational disease prevention in Tianjin City should focus on small and micro enterprises,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan investment enterprises and foreign investment enterprises,with a focus on strengthening the supervision and management of enterprises with noise,high temperature and silica dust hazards. At the same time,efforts should be made to monitor occupational disease hazards and conduct health examinations.

Key words: Occupational disease hazard declaration, Occupational disease prevention and control, Health examination

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