职业与健康 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (14): 1994-1998.

• 调查研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

2013—2022年天津市河东区流感暴发特征分析

卢达   

  1. 天津市河东区疾病预防控制中心传染病控制科,天津 300151
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-14 修回日期:2024-05-21 发布日期:2026-03-17
  • 作者简介:卢达,男,主管公卫医师,主要从事传染病预防与控制工作。

Analysis on characteristics of influenza outbreaks in Hedong District of Tianjin City from 2013 to 2022

LU Da   

  1. Infectious Disease Control Department, Tianjin Hedong District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300151, China
  • Received:2024-05-14 Revised:2024-05-21 Published:2026-03-17

摘要: 目的 分析2013—2022年天津市河东区流行性感冒(流感)样病例暴发疫情流行特征,为制定流感暴发疫情防控策略提供参考依据。方法 收集2013—2022年天津市河东区流感暴发疫情相关处置资料,并对数据进行分析。结果 2013—2022年天津市河东区共报告流感暴发疫情15起,累计报告发病数372例,累积报告罹患率为2.09%,暴发疫情主要发生在冬春季(11、12月及次年3月),所有疫情均发生在学校,共涉及10所小学(66.67%)和5所中学(33.33%),中小学罹患率差异无统计学意义( χ2=3.524,P>0.05);其中男性病例189例,女性病例183例,男女罹患率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.102,P>0.05);疫情毒株交替出现,A(H3N2)型8起(53.33%),A、B混合型3起(20.00%),B(Victoria)型1起(6.67%),B(Yamagata)型1起(6.67%),B未分型1起(6.67%),未检出1起;经对疫情影响因素分析得出,首次报告的病例数越多,暴发疫情最终的发病人数越多(t=8.883,P<0.05);首例病例到接报间隔越长,暴发疫情持续的时间越长(t=2.745,P<0.05)。结论 2013—2022年天津市河东区流感暴发疫情主要发生在冬春季,中小学等人群聚集场所是流感暴发高发场所,卫生行政部门和教育部门应加强联防联控,及时发现和处置,及时进行,减少暴发疫情持续的时间,降低疫情的发病规模。

关键词: 流感, 暴发疫情, 流行特征, 控制措施

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza-like outbreaks in Hedong District of Tianjin City from 2013 to 2022,and provide a scientific basis for formulating influenza outbreak prevention and control strategies. Methods The relevant data of dealing with influenza outbreaks in Hedong District of Tianjin City from 2013 to 2022 were collected and data were analyzed. Results From 2013 to 2022,a total number of 15 influenza outbreaks were reported in Hedong District of Tianjin City,with a cumulative reported incidence of 372 cases and a cumulative reported attack rate of 2.09%.The outbreaks mainly occurred in winter and spring seasons(November,December and next March). All of the outbreaks occurred in schools,involving 10 primary schools(66.67%) and 5 middle schools(33.33%).There was no significant difference in attack rate between primary and secondary schools(χ2=3.524,P>0.05).Among the cases,189 were male and 183 were female,with no significant difference in attack rate between males and females(χ2=0.102,P>0.05).The virus strains appeared alternately,including 8 cases(53.33%) of type A(H3N2),3 cases(20.00%) of type A and B mixed,1 case(6.67%) of type B(Victoria),1 case(6.67%) of type B(Yamagata),1 case(6.67%) of type B untyped,and 1 case not detected.After analyzing the influencing factors of the epidemic,the more the number of first reported cases,the more the final number of cases(t=8.883,P<0.05),and the longer the interval time from the first case to the report time,the longer the duration of the outbreak(t=2.745,P<0.05). Conclusions The influenza outbreaks in Hedong District mainly occurs in winter and spring,gathering places such as primary and secondary schools are places with a high incidence of influenza outbreaks. Therefore,health administrative departments and education departments should strengthen joint prevention and control mechanism to detect and respond to the outbreaks in a timely manner,reducing the duration of outbreaks and limiting the scale of the epidemic.

Key words: Influenza, Outbreak, Epidemic characteristics, Control measures

中图分类号: