关键词: 废旧机械拆解, 职业病危害因素, 职业病危害现状

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status quo of occupational hazards in a waste machinery dismantling enterprise in Huai'an Industrial Park,identify the commonalities and problems of occupational hazards in these enterprises,in order to assist rectification and provide reference for other enterprises. Methods Based on three years of field occupational health investigation,occupational hazard factor detection and occupational health surveillance in a waste machinery dismantling enterprise in Huai'an City from 2020 to 2022,comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the current status and existing problems of occupational hazards was conducted. Results The main occupational hazards of the waste machinery dismantling enterprise were dust and noise from dismantling and crushing positions. After three years of occupational hazard control,there were seven noise work positions in 2020,six in 2021,and five in 2022. According to the results of occupational health medical examinations in the past three years,two people were found to have occupational contraindication to noise in 2020,one people in 2021,and four people in 2022. The noise hazard control of the enterprise was ineffective,and there was a trend of increasing year by year in the degree of occupational hazards. Conclusions The key control points for occupational hazards of waste machinery dismantling enterprises are dust protection,and isolation and control of noisy work positions. The accurate identification and comprehensive detection of noise work positions are the foundation of noise control. Therefore,these could improve the noise working environment and promote occupational health of workers,such as continuous monitoring of occupational hazards,isolation of noise,and urging workers to wear personal protective equipment.

Key words: Machinery dismantling enterprise, Occupational hazards, Status quo of occupational hazards