护士一般自我效能感在工作环境感知与职业倦怠间的中介作用

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解护士一般自我效能感在工作环境感知与职业倦怠间的中介作用。方法 2023年3月采用便利抽样法,使用自行编制的一般资料调查表、护理工作环境量表、中文版马氏职业倦怠量表、一般自我效能感量表对保定市3家三级甲等医院1 261名护士进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 1 261名护士的护理工作环境总分为（123.32±24.14）分,职业倦怠总分为（65.80±23.33）分、一般自我效能感总分为（28.27±6.83）分。无、轻、中和重度倦怠的检出率分别为24.74%、24.66%、47.18%和3.40%。一般自我效能感在护理工作环境与职业倦怠间具有部分中介效应,效应值-0.097,占总效应的21.54%。一般自我效能感在护理工作环境和职业倦怠间起调节效应（β=0.005,△R²=0.003,P<0.05）。结论保定市3家三级甲等医院护士的职业倦怠现状不容乐观,应引起医院管理者重视。护士一般自我效能感在护理工作环境与职业倦怠之间,既存在中介效应也存在调节效应,护理管理者可从组织层面的护理工作环境和个体层面的一般自我效能感两方面入手,进行针对性干预。

关键词: 工作环境感知, 职业倦怠, 一般自我效能感, 中介效应, 调节效应

Abstract: Objective To investigate the mediating role of nurses' general self-efficacy in their work environment perception and job burnout. Methods In March 2023,a convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 1 261 nurses from three grade-A tertiary hospitals in Baoding City using a self-compiled general information questionnaire,nursing work environment scale（C-NWE）,Chinese version of Maslach burnout inventory（MBI）,general self-efficacy scale（GSES）,and the data were analyzed. Results The total scores of C-NWE,MBI,GESE for 1 261 nurses were （123.32±24.14）,（65.80±23.33） and （28.27±6.83）points,respectively. The detection rates of zero,mild,moderate,and severe job burnout were 24.74%,24.66%,47.18% and 3.40%,respectively. General self-efficacy had a partial mediating effect between nursing work environment and job burnout,with an effect value of -0.097,accounting for 21.54% of the total effect. General self-efficacy had a moderating effect on the relationship between nursing work environment and job burnout（β=0.005,△R²=0.003,P<0.05）. Conclusion The current situation of job burnout among nurses in three grade-A tertiary hospitals in Baoding is not optimistic and should be taken seriously by hospital managers. Nurses' general self-efficacy has both mediating and moderating effects between the nursing work environment and job burnout. Nursing managers should carry out targeted interventions from two aspects：the nursing work environment at the organization level and the general self-efficacy at the individual level.

Key words: Work environment perception, Job burnout, General self-efficacy, Mediation effect, Moderation effect.

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

姚轶超, 曹志娇, 滕海茂, 马沛, 高伟娜. 护士一般自我效能感在工作环境感知与职业倦怠间的中介作用. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(18): 2449-2454.

YAO Yichao, CAO Zhijiao, TENG Haimao, MA Pei, GAO Weina. Mediating role of nurses' general self-efficacy in the relationship between work environment perception and job burnout. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(18): 2449-2454.

参考文献

[1] 覃亦雯. ICU护士角色认知、共情能力与工作倦怠的关系研究[J].护理研究,2015,29(18):2284-2285.
[2] 史晓普,李莹,张丛丛.护士职业尊重感、职业倦怠及离职意愿的相关性[J].护理研究,2021,35(15):2654-2660.
[3] LI R,HYUNLI K.Serial multiple mediation of psychological empowerment and job burnout in the relationship between workplace bullying and turnover intention among Chinese novice nurses[J].Nurs Open,2023,10(6):3687-3695.
[4] 王冬华,张艺博,罗岚,等.ICU护士医疗设备报警疲劳现状及影响因素调查[J].护理学杂志,2018,33(13):19-21.
[5] YOUNGBUM K,SEUNGHEE L.The nursing work environment,supervisory support,nurse characteristics,and burnout as predictors of intent to stay among hospital nurses in the republic of Korea:A path analysis[J].Healthcare(Basel,Switzerland),2023,11(11):1653-1654.
[6] 余兴梅. 肿瘤科护士逆境商、自我效能感与职业倦怠的相关性研究[D].大连:大连医科大学,2021.
[7] 郝晓文,陈娴,孙翠华,等.门诊护士的一般自我效能感在工作环境感知和共情疲劳间的中介效应[J].中国护理管理,2023,23(3):461-466.
[8] 叶志弘,邵静,汤磊雯.护理工作环境量表的研制及信效度研究[J].中华护理杂志,2016,51(2):142-147.
[9] 叶志弘,骆宏,姜安丽.杭州地区护士群体职业倦怠常模与诊断标准的研究[J].中华护理杂志,2008,43(3):207-209.
[10] 王冰飞,赵岩岩,陈春宁,等.基于建构主义学习理论的实验教学对护理本科生自我效能及学习倦怠的影响[J].护理实践与研究,2023,20(2):286-289.
[11] 温忠麟,方杰,谢晋艳,等.国内中介效应的方法学研究[J].心理科学进展,2022,30(8):1692-1702.
[12] 李鑫茜,郭含盟,肖元梅.中国医务人员职业倦怠检出率Meta分析[J].现代预防医学,2021,48(8):1379-1383.
[13] 罗岗,肖妮,陈晓玲.我国护士职业倦怠检出率的meta分析[J].职业与健康,2022,38(13):1854-1859.
[14] 李晓芳,李月美,苟玲.青海省护士职业倦怠现状及影响因素分析[J].职业与健康,2022,38(24):3327-3331.
[15] 邵静,叶志弘,汤磊雯,等.不同经济区域护理职业环境的对比研究[J].中华护理杂志,2018,53(3):334-337.
[16] 张亚奇,张红梅,宋葆云.河南省三级综合医院护士执业环境现状调查[J].护理研究,2021,35(4):734-736.
[17] 陈仁昌,杨满洲,冯文佳,等.山东省护理人力资源配置分析[J].护理研究,2023,37(16):3017-3020.
[18] YANG H Y,LV JW,ZHOU X,et al.Validation of work pressure and associated factors influencing hospital nurse turnover:A cross-sectional investigation in Shaanxi Province,China[J].BMC Health Serv Res,2017,17(1):112.
[19] 陈益琦,王海波,赖冬红.护士昼夜倒班及心理弹性与职业倦怠的关系研究[J].医院管理论坛,2020,37(9):36-40.
[20] 李霞. 护理环境的改善对手术室护士职业倦怠、关怀能力及负性心理的影响[J].心理月刊,2022,17(2):74-76.
[21] 李姗姗,孙黎惠,单信芝,等.护士感知真实型领导、个人-工作环境匹配与职业倦怠的关系分析[J].护理学报,2019,26(21):5-9.
[22] 涂姝婷,谢莉玲.国内外护理工作环境研究进展[J].护理研究,2017,31(29):3640-3643.
[23] 王紫媚,李月娥.本科实习护生心理资本在职业认同与自我效能中的中介作用[J].全科护理,2022,20(27):3759-3762.
[24] 陈燕明,叶华英,唐艳.分层次多元化培训模式对护士自我效能感、职业倦怠感及岗位胜任力的影响[J].护理实践与研究,2022,19(19):2974-2978.
[25] MASON D,OLIVIER S,FABRICE D.A literature review of emotional intelligence and nursing education[J].Nurs Educa Pract,2021,54(7):123-124.
[26] GILLIAN M L,CHRISTINE N,NEAL M A.Emotional intelligence and affective events in nurse education:A narrative review[J].Nurs Educ Today,2017,53(1):34-40.
[27] 郭玉芳,王鑫鑫,王霜霜,等.基于微信的积极心理干预对护士工作倦怠及工作绩效的影响[J].护理学杂志,2019,34(8):1-3.