职业与健康 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (18): 2459-2463.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

天津某大型汽车整车制造焊装车间噪声测量的不确定度评定

韩承1, 李欣荣1, 王雪松2, 刘静1, 曾强1   

  1. 1.天津市疾病预防控制中心职业健康研究所,天津 300011;
    2.一汽-大众汽车有限公司安全保障部,天津 300011
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-04 修回日期:2024-03-04 发布日期:2026-03-17
  • 通信作者: 曾强,主任医师,E-mail:13820288515@126.com
  • 作者简介:韩承,男,高级工程师,主要从事职业安全卫生工作。
  • 基金资助:
    天津市医学重点建设学科(TJYXZDXK-066B); 天津市卫生健康委科技重点项目(TJWJ2021ZD004)

Uncertainty evaluation of noise measurement in welding workshop of a large automobile manufacturing plant in Tianjin

HAN Cheng1, LI Xinrong1, WANG Xuesong2, LIU Jing1, ZENG Qiang1   

  1. 1. Institute of Occupational Health,Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300011,China;
    2. Department of Security Assurance,Faw-volkswagen Automotive Co.,Ltd,Tianjin 300011,China
  • Received:2024-02-04 Revised:2024-03-04 Published:2026-03-17
  • Contact: ZENG Qiang,Chief physician,E-mail:13820288515@126.com

摘要: 目的 噪声是汽车制造企业主要的职业病危害因素。通过对天津某大型汽车整车制造焊装车间噪声测量的不确定度评定,阐述不确定度的来源、定量计算、评定方法和测量结果报告方式。方法 根据GBZ/T 189.8—2007《工作场所物理因素测量 第8部分:噪声》、GBZ 2.2—2007《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值 第2部分:物理因素》、GB/T 21230—2014《声学 职业噪声暴露的测定 工程法》,于2022年6月—2023年2月,选取该焊装车间上件操作、装配操作和修模操作3个岗位中有代表性的30名作业人员进行噪声测量。使用防爆型个体噪声剂量计,制定合理测量计划,读取并记录3个岗位作业人员的A计权等效连续声压级(Lp,A,eqT,n),计算每个岗位A计权8 h暴露声级(LAE,8 h),进行不确定度评定。结果 计算可得上件、装配、修模操作岗位LAE,8 h分别为83.8、84.6、80.5 dB(A),扩展不确定度分别为3.3、3.6、3.3 dB(A)(k=1.65)。上件、装配岗位计算得到的LAE,8 h低于接触限值[85 dB(A)],但可能(置信水平90%)包含接触限值,上件和装配岗位部分作业人员的Lp,A,eqT,n不符合GBZ 2.2—2007的噪声职业接触限值要求。结论 噪声不确定度评定表征了噪声测量结果的分散性和可疑程度,不确定度主要来源为测量操作。建议保持对噪声控制设施的维护保养和更新,加强佩带护耳器现场管理,落实相关健康监护和管理制度。

关键词: 不确定度评定, 扩展不确定度, 工作场所, 噪声测量, 质量控制

Abstract: Objective Noise is the main occupational hazard factor in automobile manufacturing plants. Through the uncertainty evaluation of noise measurement in welding workshop of a large automobile manufacturing plant in Tianjin,the source of uncertainty,quantitative calculation,evaluation method and reporting methods of measurement results were expounded. Methods According to GBZ/T 189.8-2007 "Measurement of Physical Factors in the Workplace Part 8:Noise",GBZ 2.2-2007 "Occupational Exposure Limits for Hazardous Factors in the Workplace Part 2:Physical Factors" and GB/T 21230-2014 "Engineering Method for Determination of Occupational Noise Exposure in Acoustics",from June 2022 to February 2023,the 30 representative operators from parts mounting position,assembly position and mold repair position in the welding workshop were selected for noise measurement. Using explosion-proof individual noise dosimeters,develop a reasonable measurement plan,read and record the A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level(Lp,A,eqT,n) of three positions operators,calculate the A-weighted 8-hour exposure sound level(LAE,8 h) for each positions,and conduct uncertainty evaluation. Results Calculation showed that LAE,8 h of parts mounting position,assembly position and mold repair position were 83.8,84.6,80.5 dB(A),with expanded uncertainty of 3.3,3.6,3.3 dB(A)(k=1.65).The calculated LAE,8 h of parts mounting position and assembly position was below the exposure limit of 85 dB(A) but could include 85 dB(A)(confidence level:90%).The Lp,A,eqT,n of part of the workers in parts mounting position and assembly position didn’t meet the occupational exposure limit requirements for noise in GBZ 2.2-2007. Conclusion The evaluation of noise uncertainty characterizes the dispersion and degree of suspicion of noise measurement results,with the main source of uncertainty being measurement operations.It is recommended to maintain and update noise control facilities,strengthen on-site management of wearing ear protectors as required,and implement relevant health monitoring and management systems.

Key words: Uncertainty evaluation, Expand uncertainty, Workplace, Noise measurement, Quality control

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