2023年新疆医疗卫生机构实验室人员消毒灭菌知信行及影响因素调查

职业与健康 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (19): 2634-2638.

2023年新疆医疗卫生机构实验室人员消毒灭菌知信行及影响因素调查

艾力非热·吾买尔¹, 朱婷婷¹, 张倩倩¹, 努尔比亚·艾尔肯^2a, 张玲^2b, 刘万里^2a

1.新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830011;
2.新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心 a实验室管理部,b生物安全三级实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐 830002

收稿日期:2023-12-12 修回日期:2024-01-15 发布日期:2026-03-17
通信作者: 刘万里,主任医师,E-mail：xjcdclwl@163.com
作者简介:艾力非热·吾买尔,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为流行病与统计。
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区科技重点研发项目（2021B03003-1）

Investigation on knowledge-attitude-practice and influencing factors of disinfection and sterilization among laboratory personnel in medical and health institutions in Xinjiang in 2023

Ailifeire Wumaier¹, ZHU Tingting¹, ZHANG Qianqian¹, Nuerbiya Aierken^2a, ZHANG Ling^2b, LIU Wanli^2a

1. School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;
2. a Laboratory Management Department, b Biosafety Level III Laboratory,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China

Received:2023-12-12 Revised:2024-01-15 Published:2026-03-17
Contact: LIU Wanli,Chief physician,E-mail：xjcdclwl@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解新疆地区医疗卫生机构生物安全二级实验室工作人员消毒灭菌知信行及影响因素,进一步规范医疗卫生机构工作人员的消毒灭菌操作,为下一步开展实验室生物安全管理和继续教育培训提供依据。方法 2023年4—5月,采用方便抽样的方法,对来自全疆各地医疗卫生机构参加自治区生物安全实验室骨干人员生物安全培训的221名培训学员进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果共收集到有效问卷221份,实验室人员消毒知识-态度-行为（knowledge-attitude-practice,KAP）得分为（28.67±3.59）分,得分范围为17~36分。其中,消毒灭菌知识得分为（17.87±3.08）分,态度得分为（4.16±1.11）分,行为得分为（6.63±1.10）分。不同学历的实验室人员消毒灭菌知识得分及格率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ²=17.181,P<0.01）,不同单位所在地实验室人员的消毒灭菌态度得分及格率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ²=6.967,P<0.05）,不同学历、专业的实验室人员的消毒灭菌行为得分及格率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ²=54.497、43.396,均P<0.05）,不同学历、专业、接受消毒灭菌培训的实验室人员的KAP总得分及格率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ²=15.698、11.292、8.259,均P<0.05）。学历大专（OR=10.400,95%CI=1.194~90.557）、本科（OR=24.333,95%CI=2.911~203.376）、专业检验专业（OR=6.033, 95%CI=1.078~33.771）、没有接受过消毒灭菌培训（OR=4.921,95%CI=1.508~16.056）是调查对象消毒灭菌KAP总分的影响因素。结论应该关注医疗卫生机构实验室人员的消毒灭菌知识的知晓率和操作规范,加强培训,从而提高工作效率并确保实验室的安全。

关键词: 消毒灭菌, 生物安全, 消毒KAP, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the knowledge,attitude and practice and influencing factors of disinfection and sterilization among staff in biosafety secondary laboratories of medical and health institutions in Xinjiang region,further standardize the disinfection and sterilization operation of staff in medical and health institutions,and provide a basis for the next step of laboratory biosafety management and continuing education and training. Methods From April to May 2023,a convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 221 trainees from medical and health institutions across Xinjiang who participated in the biosafety training for key personnel in the autonomous region's biosafety laboratory,and the data were analyzed. Results A total of 221 valid questionnaires were collected. The average score of knowledge-attiture-practice（KAP） was （28.67±3.59）points, ranging from 17 to 36. Among them,the knowledge score of disinfection and sterilization was （17.87±3.08）points,the attitude score was （4.16±1.11）points and the practice score was （6.63±1.10）points. There was a statistically significant difference in the disinfection and sterilization knowledge scores of laboratory personnel with different education levels（χ²=17.181,P<0.05）. There was a statistically significant difference in the scores of disinfection and sterilization attitudes of laboratory personnel in different units（χ²=6.967,P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the disinfection and sterilization behavior scores of laboratory personnel with different education background and majors（χ²=54.497,43.396,both P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the total KAP scores of laboratory personnel with different education background,majors,and receiving disinfection and sterilization training（χ²=15.698,11.292,8.259,all P<0.05）. Junior college education（OR=10.400,95%CI：1.194-90.557）,bachelor's degree undergraduate（OR=24.333,95%CI：2.911-203.376）,laboratory major（OR=6.033,95%CI：1.078-33.771）,and personnel who had not received disinfection and sterilization training（OR=4.921,95%CI：1.508-16.056） were the influencing factors of the total KAP score of disinfection and sterilization. Conclusion Attention should be paid to the awareness rate of disinfection and sterilization knowledge and operation standards of laboratory personnel in medical and health institutions,and training should be strengthened,so as to improve work efficiency and ensure the safety of laboratory.

Key words: Disinfection and sterilization, Biosecurity, Disinfection KAP, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R192

艾力非热·吾买尔, 朱婷婷, 张倩倩, 努尔比亚·艾尔肯, 张玲, 刘万里. 2023年新疆医疗卫生机构实验室人员消毒灭菌知信行及影响因素调查. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(19): 2634-2638.

Ailifeire Wumaier, ZHU Tingting, ZHANG Qianqian, Nuerbiya Aierken, ZHANG Ling, LIU Wanli. Investigation on knowledge-attitude-practice and influencing factors of disinfection and sterilization among laboratory personnel in medical and health institutions in Xinjiang in 2023. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(19): 2634-2638.

参考文献

[1] 柏银兰,张芳琳,路延之,等.提升医学微生物学研究人员生物安全意识的管理与探讨[J].医学动物防制,2023,39(10):1011-1017.
[2] 刘诗川,岑斌,曾文芳,等.杭州市病原微生物实验室人员对生物安全知识认知情况调查[J].中国公共卫生管理,2022,38(6):863-867.
[3] 赵添羽,朱敏.我国高等级病原微生物实验室管理政策制度现状与展望[J].中山大学学报(医学科学版),2023,44(5):750-757.
[4] 全国人民代表大会常务委员会.中华人民共和国生物安全法[EB/OL].(2020-10-17)[2023-07-07].http://www.npc.gov.cn/npc/c30834/202010/bb3bee5122854893a69acf4005a66059.shtml.
[5] 孔军伶,邵长玲. 病原微生物实验室的消毒与灭菌[J]. 医学信息,2016,29(36):284-285.
[6] 王玲莉. 检验科微生物室生物安全与医院感染隐患及预防控制对策[J].中国卫生产业,2019,16(24):162-163.
[7] 孙丽翠,姜永莉,甄理,等.实验室生物危害分析及生物安全管理[J].质量安全与检验检测,2023,33(5):46-49.
[8] 霍俊锋,杨蓓,杨红霞,等.山西省病原微生物实验室生物安全管理现状分析[J].中国公共卫生管理,2023,39(3):424-426,430.
[9] 于凤玲,明心海,叶冬兰.基层医院消毒灭菌质量及医务人员行为认知现状调查[J].中国消毒学杂志,2019,36(12):931-933.
[10] 张佳甲,李莉,陈也佳,等.高等级生物安全实验室消毒灭菌关键技术与设备[J].产品可靠性报告,2023(2):80-82.
[11] 卫生部卫生法制与监督司.消毒技术规范(2002年版)2020[S/OL].(2014-04-02)[2023-10-17].http://law.foodmate.net/rule/show-181974.html.
[12] 蔡启良,蔡霞,瞿涤,等.我国高等级生物安全实验室现状、发展和挑战[J].国家安全研究,2023(1):61-76,151.
[13] 谢曙光,李云珍,苏坤华,等.独立医学实验室在实验室感染控制与管理方面的探讨[J].检验医学与临床,2022,19(7):1000-1002.
[14] 魏秋华. 生物安全实验室消毒与灭菌[J].中国消毒学杂志,2015,32(1):55-58.
[15] 季晓帆,朱仁义,江宁,等.上海市消毒人员传染病疫源地消毒知识培训效果评价[J].中国消毒学杂志,2017,34(5):494-496.
[16] 韩文东,孙志平,丁悦娜,等.结核分枝杆菌生物安全三级实验室表面去污染消毒剂杀菌效果的研究[J].微生物与感染,2015,10(5):301-307.
[17] 马彩云,杨春林,刘秀芳.临床医护人员消毒灭菌知识、态度及行为知晓率调查[J].中国感染控制杂志,2015,14(9):636-638.
[18] 陈芳,吴磊,杨雪峰,等.常态化疫情防控下集中隔离医学观察点工作人员消毒知识和消毒剂使用情况调查[J].中国消毒学杂志,2023,40(3):224-226.
[19] 安冉,袁江玲,史深,等.2021年新疆疾病预防控制机构工作人员消毒工作能力现状分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2023,38(4):36-39,89.
[20] 黄凝,何正,安娜,等.某三级专科口腔医院护理人员消毒灭菌知识、态度及行为调查分析[J].中国消毒学杂志,2022,39(8):616-618.
[21] 刘琦,卢耀勤,刘涛.国内外生物安全实验室的研究进展[J].职业与健康,2021,37(12):1724-1728.
[22] 李六亿,巩玉秀,郭燕红.“医疗卫生机构消毒技术规范”颁布的背景、意义及主要内容与特点[J].中国护理管理,2012,12(7):7-9.
[23] 卢耀勤,刘德振,郝敬贡,等.乌鲁木齐地区二级生物安全实验室现状调查及初步分析[J].职业与健康,2016,32(8):1137-1139.
[24] 蔡亮,陈长,贺健梅,等.2018年湖南省病原微生物实验室生物安全现状调查与分析[J].实用预防医学,2020,27(11):1400-1402,1409.
[25] 黄翠,汤华山,梁慧刚,等.高等级生物安全实验室消毒灭菌关键技术与设备[J].实验室研究与探索,2022,41(4):308-312.