2022—2023年新疆A（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒基因特征分析

职业与健康 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (22): 3051-3055.

2022—2023年新疆A（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒基因特征分析

陈媛, 张璇, 尼格德力·阿力腾赛尔, 李泉希, 珲德孜·阿吾西, 马鑫

新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心传染病防制所,新疆乌鲁木齐 830002

收稿日期:2024-02-23 修回日期:2024-03-05 发布日期:2026-04-09
通信作者: 马鑫,主任医师,E-mail：369819211@qq.com
作者简介:陈媛,女,主管医师,主要从事传染病控制工作。

Analysis of genetic characteristics of A（H1N1）pdm09 influenza virus in Xinjiang from 2022 to 2023

CHEN Yuan, ZHANG Xuan, Nigedeli Alitengsaier, LI Quanxi, Hundezi Awuxi, MA Xin

Institute of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Xinjang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China

Received:2024-02-23 Revised:2024-03-05 Published:2026-04-09
Contact: MA Xin,Chief physician,E-mail：369819211@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解2022—2023年新疆A（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒血凝素（hemagglutinin,HA）和神经氨酸酶（neuraminidase,NA）基因进化特征,为流感防控提供科学依据。方法从全疆15家流感监测网络实验室分离上送的A（H1N1）pdm09流感毒株中随机选取15株进行HA和NA基因序列测定,应用MEGA X和BioEdit软件进行基因特性分析。结果 15株A（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒HA 基因和NA 基因与WHO推荐疫苗株A/Victoria/2570/2019相比,核苷酸同源性为98.1%~98.9%、98.7%~99.0%,氨基酸同源性为97.3%~98.5%、99.1%~99.3%。进化树显示,15 株流感毒株与疫苗株亲缘关系较近,共同归属于6B.1A.5a分支;HA基因共涉及16个氨基酸突变位点,其中仅4个位点涉及抗原决定簇,分别为Ca区域的A203T（15/15）,Cb区域K71Q（15/15）、Sa区域P154S（4/15）和Sb区域的E189K（3/15）,其余12个均为非关键位点的改变;NA基因共发生5个氨基酸位点的改变,均不属于耐药位点中心催化部位以及周围辅助部位。结论 2022—2023年新疆A（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒株的HA和NA 基因虽发生了一定程度的改变,但HA的抗原性和NA的耐药位点并未发生关键性改变,今后仍需加强对A（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒的监测力度,及时发现变异耐药株,为有效防控流感提供科学依据。

关键词: A（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒, 血凝素基因, 神经氨酸酶基因

Abstract: Objective To understand the evolutionary characteristics of hemagglutinin（HA） and neuraminidase（NA） gene of A （H1N1）pdm09 influenza virus in Xinjiang from 2022 to 2023,and provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and control. Methods Fifteen A（H1N1）pdm09 influenza strains from 15 influenza surveillance network laboratories in Xinjiang were randomly selected for HA and NA gene sequencing,and gene characteristics were analyzed using MEGA X and BioEdit software. Results The nucleotide homology of HA gene and NA gene of 15 strains of A（H1N1）pdm09 influenza virus was 98.1%-98.9% and 98.7%-99.0%,and amino acid homology was 97.3%-98.5% and 99.1%-99.3%,respectively,compared with the WHO recommended vaccine strain A/Victoria/2570/2019. The phylogenetic tree showed that 15 influenza strains were closely related to vaccine strains and belonged to 6B.1A.5a. A total of 16 amino acid mutation sites were involved in the HA gene,of which only 4 sites were involved in the antigen determinant,namely A203T（15/15） in the Ca region,K71Q（15/15） in the Cb region,P154S（4/15） in the Sa region and E189K（3/15） in the Sb region,and the other 12 sites were changes in non-critical sites. A total of 5 amino acid sites were changed in NA gene,all of which did not belong to the central catalytic site and the auxiliary site around the drug resistance site. Conclusion Although there have been some changes in the HA and NA genes of the A（H1N1）pdm09 influenza virus strain in Xinjiang from 2022 to 2023,the antigenicity of HA and the drug-resistance sites of NA have not undergone critical changes. In the future,it is still necessary to strengthen the monitoring of A（H1N1）pdm09 influenza virus to timely detect the mutant and drug-resistant strains,and provide scientific basis for its effective prevention and control.

Key words: A（H1N1）pdm09 influenza virus, Hemagglutinin gene, Neuraminidase gene

中图分类号:

R373.13

陈媛, 张璇, 尼格德力·阿力腾赛尔, 李泉希, 珲德孜·阿吾西, 马鑫. 2022—2023年新疆A（H1N1）pdm09流感病毒基因特征分析. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(22): 3051-3055.

CHEN Yuan, ZHANG Xuan, Nigedeli Alitengsaier, LI Quanxi, Hundezi Awuxi, MA Xin. Analysis of genetic characteristics of A（H1N1）pdm09 influenza virus in Xinjiang from 2022 to 2023. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(22): 3051-3055.

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