河北省养老护理员职业倦怠在心理契约与疏于照顾间的中介作用

职业与健康 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (24): 3324-3329.

河北省养老护理员职业倦怠在心理契约与疏于照顾间的中介作用

张兰蕊^a, 窦昊颖^b, 吴晓萌^a, 赵冬青^a

天津中医药大学 a研究生院,b护理学院,天津 301617

收稿日期:2024-03-20 修回日期:2024-04-15 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2026-04-09
通信作者: 窦昊颖,副教授,E-mail：douhaoying11@126.com
作者简介:张兰蕊,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为老年护理。

Mediating effect of job burnout between psychological contract and elder neglect among geriatric nursing assistants in Hebei Province

ZHANG Lanrui^a, DOU Haoying^b, WU Xiaomeng^a, ZHAO Dongqing^a

a Graduate School, b School of Nursing,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China

Received:2024-03-20 Revised:2024-04-15 Online:2024-12-15 Published:2026-04-09
Contact: DOU Haoying,Associate professor,E-mail：douhaoying11@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨河北省养老机构养老护理员心理契约、职业倦怠与疏于照顾间的关系,分析职业倦怠在心理契约与疏于照顾间的中介作用,为降低疏于照顾风险提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法,于2023 年 7—11月选取河北省67家养老机构的526名养老护理员为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、心理契约量表、职业倦怠量表及养老护理员疏于照顾评估量表进行问卷调查。结果河北省养老机构养老护理员心理契约与职业倦怠、疏于照顾得分依次为（139.96±24.28）、（46.90±11.11）和（55.16±13.29）分。养老护理员心理契约与职业倦怠、疏于照顾均呈负相关（均 P<0.01）,职业倦怠与疏于照顾呈正相关（P<0.01）,心理契约、职业倦怠对疏于照顾存在直接效应（β=0.332、-0.388,均 P<0.01）,职业倦怠在心理契约与疏于照顾间起部分中介作用,中介效应为 0.174,占总效应的 34.4%。结论河北省养老护理员心理契约、职业倦怠处于中等偏高水平,疏于照顾处于中等偏低水平。建议养老机构管理者可以从提升员工心理契约感知入手,提供支持性护理环境,注重员工心理健康,及时采取职业倦怠干预措施降低疏于照顾风险,从而提升护理质量。

关键词: 养老护理员, 心理契约, 职业倦怠, 疏于照顾, 中介效应

Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between psychological contract,job burnout and elder neglect of geriatric nursing assistants in nursing homes in Hebei Province,and analyze the mediating role of burnout between psychological contract and elder neglect,so as to provide reference for reducing the risk of elder neglect. Methods From July to November 2023,a total of 526 geriatric nursing assistants from 67 nursing homes in Hebei Province were selected by the convenience sampling method. The general information questionnaire,psychological contract scale,Maslach burnout inventory-general survey,and elder neglect scale for geriatric nursing assistants were used for questionnaire survey. Results The scores of psychological contract,job burnout and elder neglect of geriatric nursing assistants in nursing homes in Hebei Province were （139.96±24.28）,（46.90±11.11） and （55.16±13.29）points,respectively. The psychological contract of geriatric nursing assistants was negatively correlated with job burnout and elder neglect（both P<0.01）,and job burnout was positively correlated with elder neglect（P<0.01）. The psychological contract and job burnout had a direct effect on elder neglect（β=0.332,-0.388,both P<0.01）. The job burnout played a partial mediating role between psychological contract and elder neglect,and the mediating effect was 0.174,accounting for 34.4% of the total effect. Conclusions The psychological contract and job burnout of geriatric nursing assistants in Hebei Province are at a medium-to-high level,and the elder neglect is at a medium-to-low level. It is suggested that managers of nursing homes can start from improving employees' psychological contract perception,provide supportive nursing environment,pay attention to employees' mental health,and take timely burnout intervention measures to reduce the risk of elder neglect,so as to improve the quality of care.

Key words: Geriatric nursing assistants, Psychological contract, Job burnout, Elder neglect, Mediating effect

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

张兰蕊, 窦昊颖, 吴晓萌, 赵冬青. 河北省养老护理员职业倦怠在心理契约与疏于照顾间的中介作用. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(24): 3324-3329.

ZHANG Lanrui, DOU Haoying, WU Xiaomeng, ZHAO Dongqing. Mediating effect of job burnout between psychological contract and elder neglect among geriatric nursing assistants in Hebei Province. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(24): 3324-3329.

参考文献

[1] 冯运红,李小平,胡德华,等.医养结合模式下中国养老服务人才培养策略[J].中国老年学杂志,2021,41(11):2444-2447.
[2] COLLINS K A.Elder maltreatment:A review[J].Arch Pathol Lab Med,2006,130(9):1290-1296.
[3] BOTNGÅRD A,EIDE A H,MOSQUEDA L,et al.Factors associated with staff-to-resident abuse in Norwegian nursing homes:A cross-sectional exploratory study[J].BMC Health Serv Res,2021,21(1):244-263.
[4] ABDI A,TARJOMAN A,BORJI M.Prevalence of elder abuse in Iran:A Systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Asian J Psychiatr,2019,39:120-127.
[5] ROUSSEAU D M.Psychological and implied contracts in organisations[J].Employ Responsib Rig,1989,2(2):121-139.
[6] 李兰,曹冰,曾丽,等.养老护理员职业倦怠研究进展[J].现代临床医学,2023,49(5):353-355.
[7] 孙伟,黄培伦.公平理论研究评述[J].科技管理研究,2004,24(4):102-104.
[8] RODWELL J,GULYAS A,JOHNSON D.The new and key roles for psychological contract status and engagement in predicting various performance behaviors of nurses[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2022,19(21):13931-13944.
[9] ANDELA M,TRUCHOT D,HUGUENOTTE V.Work environment and elderly abuse in nursing homes:The mediating role of burnout[J].J Interpers Violence,2021,36(11-12):5709-5729.
[10] 倪平,陈京立,刘娜.护理研究中量性研究的样本量估计[J].中华护理杂志,2010,45(4):378-380.
[11] 李原. 企业员工的心理契约——概念、理论及实证研究[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2006:42-59.
[12] 李超平,时勘.分配公平与程序公平对工作倦怠的影响[J].心理学报,2003,35(5):677-684.
[13] 杜亚格,刘婕,张春梅,等.养老护理员疏于照顾评估量表的编制及信效度检验[J].护理研究,2021,35(19):3385-3389.
[14] 王静,薛平,郭锦丽,等.医疗护理员心理契约现状及影响因素研究[J].护理研究,2021,35(6):969-975.
[15] 刘晓霞. 杭州市养老机构养老护理人员离职意愿研究——以心理契约为视角[D].杭州:杭州师范大学,2013.
[16] 王晋芳,李燕,宋洁,等.基于供需平衡机制的老年护理专业人才培养现状及策略分析[J].护理研究,2021,35(1):155-158.
[17] 吴心越. 照料劳动与年龄困境:基于养老机构护理员的研究[J].妇女研究论丛,2021(4):83-96.
[18] 杨荣华,苗静静,于晓倩.护理人员心理韧性影响因素与职业倦怠相关性分析[J].齐鲁护理杂志,2022,28(5):8-11.
[19] 姜琳琳. 养老机构护理员职业倦怠现状及影响因素的混合性研究[D].沈阳:辽宁中医药大学,2022.
[20] 尹亚妮,李新影.养老机构护理人员职业倦怠现状及相关因素分析[J].中国护理管理,2020,20(2):215-221.
[21] 刘立珍,唐凤平,李雅,等.湖南省医养结合机构养老护理员职业倦怠影响因素与干预策略[J].职业与健康,2021,37(18):2453-2457.
[22] 王丽君,戴付敏,张月兰,等.情绪劳动在养老护理员对老年人态度与工作倦怠间的中介作用研究[J].护士进修杂志,2020,35(17):1549-1552.
[23] 王苗芬,史瑞洁,薛峰.陕西省养老机构护理人员抑郁状况及其影响因素分析[J].护理实践与研究,2022,19(17):2543-2548.
[24] 张丽萍,杜亚格,刘婕,等.养老护理员领导授权赋能行为与疏于照顾的相关性研究[J].中国医药导报,2021,18(36):65-68,80.
[25] 岳慧娟,岳慧宇,刘芳娥,等.养老护理员队伍建设现状与对策建议[J].中国社会工作,2023(17):40-41.
[26] 徐诚玲,郭秀梅,袁宁,等.儿科护士心理资本和心理契约对职业倦怠的影响[J].职业与健康,2021,37(1):11-15,19.
[27] 高鹏程,马翠,高晓燕,等.应对方式在高校学生管理人员职业倦怠和工作投入间的中介效应[J].职业与健康,2022,38(19):2598-2603.