湖南省5处金属矿山工作场所氡活度浓度及γ外照射水平调查

职业与健康 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8): 1133-1135.

湖南省5处金属矿山工作场所氡活度浓度及γ外照射水平调查

曾一凡, 聂云峰, 张挺, 许志勇, 彭俊哲, 何卫红

湖南省职业病防治院职防科,湖南长沙 410007

收稿日期:2023-08-03 修回日期:2023-08-29 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2026-03-16
通信作者: 何卫红,副主任医师,E-mail：heweihonghwh@126.com
作者简介:曾一凡,男,主管医师,主要从事职业卫生与环境卫生检测评价工作。

Investigation on radon activity concentration and γ external radiation exposure levels in workplaces of five metal mines in Hunan Province

ZENG Yifan, NIE Yunfeng, ZHANG Ting, XU Zhiyong, PENG Junzhe, HE Weihong

Department of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control,Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases, Changsha Hunan,410007, China

Received:2023-08-03 Revised:2023-08-29 Online:2024-04-15 Published:2026-03-16
Contact: HE Weihong,Associate chief physician,E-mail：heweihonghwh@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查湖南省金属矿山工作场所放射性职业病危害因素水平,为疾病防治与监管提供最新数据。方法选取湖南省5处金属矿山,从2020—2022年每年前往各矿山进行工作场所氡活度浓度及γ外照射水平监测,估算个人年照射剂量。结果 5处金属矿山工作场所氡活度浓度范围为井下11.9~13 497.0 Bq/m³、地面23.8~3 056.0 Bq/m³;γ外照射剂量率水平为井下0.09~0.44 μSv/h、地面0.08~1.53 μSv/h;A、B矿井下氡活度浓度均值>1 000.0 Bq/m³,B矿地面球磨房氡活度浓度测量值>1 000.0 Bq/m³,并且B矿矿物加工区γ外照射测量值均>2倍天然本底值。结论 A、B矿均应采取一系列的防护措施使井下工作人员年有效剂量低于20 mSv,但目前最重要的措施是立法,将井下氡活度浓度>1 000 Bq/m³的非铀矿山纳入放射防护管理,将氡致人均年剂量较高的井下一线非铀矿工纳入放射工种管理。

关键词: 金属矿山, 工作场所, 氡活度浓度, γ外照射, 年有效剂量

Abstract: Objective To investigate the level of radioactive occupational hazards in metal mine workplaces in Hunan Province,and provide the latest data for disease prevention and regulation. Methods Five metal mines in Hunan Province were selected,and from 2020 to 2022,the radon activity concentration and γ external exposure level in the workplace were monitored in each mine every year,estimating individual annual radiation dose. Results The range of radon activity concentration in five metal mine workplaces was 11.9-13 497.0 Bq/m³ underground and 23.8-3 056.0 Bq/m³ above ground. The equivalent dose rate of γ external irradiation was 0.09-0.44 μSv/h underground and 0.08-1.53 μSv/h above ground. The average radon activity concentration in A and B mines was over 1 000.0 Bq/m³,and the radon activity concentration in the ground ball mill of B mine was over 1 000.0 Bq/m³. The measured γ external irradiation value in the mineral processing area of B mine was more than twice the natural background value. Conclusion Both A and B mines should take a series of protective measures to ensure that the annual effective dose of underground workers is less than 20 mSv. However,the most important measure at present is to legislate the inclusion of non-uranium mines with radon concentration over 1000 Bq/m³ in radiation protection management,and to incorporate underground non-uranium miners with higher radon-induced annual doses into radiation work management.

Key words: Metal mines, Workplaces, Radon activity concentration, γ external radiation exposure, Annual effective dose

中图分类号:

R148

曾一凡, 聂云峰, 张挺, 许志勇, 彭俊哲, 何卫红. 湖南省5处金属矿山工作场所氡活度浓度及γ外照射水平调查. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(8): 1133-1135.

ZENG Yifan, NIE Yunfeng, ZHANG Ting, XU Zhiyong, PENG Junzhe, HE Weihong. Investigation on radon activity concentration and γ external radiation exposure levels in workplaces of five metal mines in Hunan Province. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(8): 1133-1135.

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