关键词: 水泥制造企业, 粉尘, 风险评估

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the occupational health risks of dust operation posts in cement manufacturing enterprises in Dalian using three risk assessment methods,and to explore the applicability of different risk assessment methods for occupational health risk assessment of dust operation posts in the cement industry. Methods Seven cement manufacturing enterprises in Dalian with similar production processes were selected from 2019 to 2023. The semi-quantitative contact ratio method,semi-quantitative comprehensive index method,and International Council on Mining and Metals（ICMM） occupational health risk assessment quantitative method were employed to evaluate the occupational health risks of dust operation posts. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to test for differences among three evaluation methods,and Spearman rank correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis. Results A total of 35 dust operation posts and 194 dust samples were collected from the seven cement manufacturing enterprises. The test results indicated that the presence of limestone dust,silica dust,coal dust,and cement dust in the dust operation posts. The total dust concentration was 0.70-21.13 mg/m³,and respirable dust concentration was 0.37-11.60 mg/m³. No statistical differences were found in the occupational health risk levels of total dust and respirable dust among different positions between the semi-quantitative contact ratio method and the semi-quantitative comprehensive index method（P>0.01）. There were statistically significant differences among the results of the three risk assessment methods（P<0.01）. The evaluation results of the three risk assessment methods were positively correlated（P<0.01）,with the highest correlation between the semi-quantitative contact ratio method and the semi-quantitative comprehensive index method. Conclusion The semi-quantitative contact ratio method and the semi-quantitative comprehensive index method shows good consistency in assessing the occupational health risks of total dust and respirable dust in various positions. Among the three risk assessment methods,the semi-quantitative composite index method has the highest evaluation results,while the ICMM quantitative method has the lowest results. For dust operation posts with low dust concentrations and shorter exposure time,the semi-quantitative comprehensive index method is more applicable. For dust operation posts with higher dust concentrations but shorter exposure time,the ICMM quantitative method is more suitable.

Key words: Cement manufacturing enterprises, Dust, Risk assessment