心理资本在普外科护士工作家庭溢出压力和职业倦怠间的中介作用

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解普外科护士工作家庭溢出压力、心理资本和职业倦怠的状况并分析心理资本的中介作用。方法 2023年7—10月,采用心理资本量表、工作家庭溢出压力量表和职业倦怠量表对恩施州7家二级甲等及以上医院206名普外科护士进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果普外科护士护工作家庭溢出压力、心理资本和职业倦怠得分分别为（15.26±2.48）、（90.12±16.58）和（61.47±10.28）分;性别、年龄、文化程度、职称、工作年限、月收入和每月夜班数与工作家庭溢出压力有关（均P<0.05）;年龄、职称、工作年限、月收入和每月夜班数与心理资本均有关（均P<0.05）;年龄、职称、工作年限、月收入、每月夜班数和婚姻状况与职业倦怠均有关（均P<0.05）;职业倦怠与工作家庭溢出压力呈正相关（P<0.01）,工作家庭溢出压力和职业倦怠与心理资本均呈负相关（均P<0.01）;心理资本在普外科护士工作家庭溢出压力和职业倦怠间的起部分中介效应,中介效应为0.254,占总效应的36.49%。结论普外科护士工作家庭溢出压力可以通过心理资本影响其职业倦怠水平,护理管理者可以从心理资本角度对普外科护士进行干预,提高心理资本水平,进而缓解工作家庭溢出压力对职业倦怠的正向影响。

关键词: 普外科护士, 工作家庭溢出压力, 心理资本, 职业倦怠, 中介作用

Abstract: Objective To understand the status of work family spillover pressure,psychological capital,and occupational burnout among general surgery nurses,and to analyze the mediating role of psychological capital. Methods From July to October 2023,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 206 general surgery nurses from 7 grade-A secondary and above hospitals in Enshi Prefecture using the psychological capital scale,work family overflow stress scale,and occupational burnout scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of work family overflow pressure,psychological capital,and occupational burnout for general surgery nurses were （15.26±2.48）,（90.12±16.58）,and （61.47±10.28）points,respectively. Gender,age,educational level,professional title,years of work experience,monthly income,and monthly night shifts were related to work family spillover pressure（all P<0.05）. Age,professional title,years of work,monthly income,and monthly night shifts were related to psychological capital（all P<0.05）. Age,professional title,years of work,monthly income,monthly night shifts,and marital status were related to occupational burnout（all P<0.05）. Occupational burnout was positively correlated with work family spillover pressure（P<0.01）,while work family spillover pressure and occupational burnout were negatively correlated with psychological capital（both P<0.01）. The partial mediating effect of psychological capital on the relationship between work family spillover pressure and occupational burnout among general surgery nurses was 0.254,accounting for 36.49% of the total effect. Conclusion The work family spillover pressure of general surgery nurses can affect their occupational burnout level through psychological capital. Nursing managers can intervene in general surgery nurses from the perspective of psychological capital,improve their psychological capital level,and thereby alleviate the positive impact of work family spillover pressure on occupational burnout.

Key words: General surgery nurses, Work family spillover stress, Psychological capital, Occupational burnout, Mediating role

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

林霞, 刘月, 彭双. 心理资本在普外科护士工作家庭溢出压力和职业倦怠间的中介作用. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(13): 1734-1738.

LIN Xia, LIU Yue, PENG Shuang. Mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship between work-family spillover stress and occupational burnout among general surgery nurses. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(13): 1734-1738.

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