天津市三级甲等医院新入职护士现实冲击现状及影响因素分析

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (13): 1776-1780.

天津市三级甲等医院新入职护士现实冲击现状及影响因素分析

邹奕^1a,2, 张亚军³, 马红梅^1b

1.天津市人民医院a肛肠科,b教学处,天津 300122;
2.天津中医药大学研究生院,天津 301617;
3.天津中医药大学第二附属医院中医外科,天津 300250

收稿日期:2024-09-09 修回日期:2024-09-25 发布日期:2025-12-11
通信作者: 马红梅,主任护师,E-mail：jiamu010@sina.com
作者简介:邹奕,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为临床护理和护理管理。

Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of the reality impact of newly employed nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin

ZOU Yi^1a,2, ZHANG Yajun³, MA Hongmei^1b

1. a Department of Anorectal Surgery, b Teaching Office, Tianjin People's Hospital, Tianjin 300122, China;
2. Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
3. Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300250, China

Received:2024-09-09 Revised:2024-09-25 Published:2025-12-11
Contact: MA Hongmei,Chief nurse,E-mail：jiamu010@Sina.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解天津市三级甲等医院新入职护士现实冲击现状并分析其影响因素,为临床护理管理提供参考。方法 2023年7—9月,采用便利抽样方法抽取天津市5所三级甲等医院共462名护士作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、现实冲击量表（reality shock scale,RSS）、职业适应能力量表（occupational adaptability scale,OAS）及职业韧性量表进行问卷调查。并对数据进行分析。结果天津市三级甲等医院新入职护士现实冲击量表总得分为[（78.76±28.45）分],处于中等偏下水平;不同维度得分分别为工作表现[（6.66±2.49）分]、胜任力[（12.04±5.25）分]、专业知识[（21.09±8.61）分]、关系合作[（38.95±14.64）分],年龄、当前所在科室、平均每周工作时长、平均每周加班时长、职业适应能力及职业韧性进入回归方程（均P<0.01）,可解释总变异的65%。结论天津市三级甲等医院新入职护士现实冲击处于中等偏下水平,其中年龄、当前所在科室、平均每周工作时长、平均每周加班时长、职业适应能力、职业韧性是其独立危险因素。建议医院管理者重视新入职护士现实冲击力的影响,采取措施提高护士职业韧性与职业适应能力,进而减轻新入职护士的现实冲击力。

关键词: 护士, 现实冲击, 职业韧性, 职业适应能力

Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation of the reality impact of newly recruited nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin,and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide reference for clinical nursing management. Methods From July to September 2023,a convenience sampling method was used to select 462 nurses from 5 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin as the research subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire,reality shock scale（RSS）,occupational adaptability scale（OAS）,and occupational resilience scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of the reality impact scale for newly recruited nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin was （78.76±28.45）points,indicating a below-average level. Scores for the different dimensions include job performance（6.66±2.49）points,competence（12.04±5.25）points,professional knowledge（21.09±8.61）points,and relationship cooperation（38.95±14.64）points. Age,current department,average weekly working hours,average weekly overtime hours,occupational adaptability,and occupational resilience entered the regression equation（all P<0.01）,explaining 65% of the total variance. Conclusion The level of reality impact of newly recruited nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin is below average,with age,current department,average weekly working hours,average weekly overtime hours,occupational adaptability,and occupational resilience identified as independent risk factors. It is recommended that hospital managers pay attention to the impact of the reality impact of newly recruited nurses,take measures to improve their occupational resilience and occupational adaptability,and thereby reduce the reality impact of newly recruited nurses.

Key words: Nurse, Reality impact, Occupational resilience, Occupational adaptability

中图分类号:

R192.6

邹奕, 张亚军, 马红梅. 天津市三级甲等医院新入职护士现实冲击现状及影响因素分析. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(13): 1776-1780.

ZOU Yi, ZHANG Yajun, MA Hongmei. Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of the reality impact of newly employed nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(13): 1776-1780.

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