2023年新疆维吾尔自治区塔城地区≤7岁儿童疫苗可预防疾病抗体水平及影响因素分析

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (17): 2364-2369.

2023年新疆维吾尔自治区塔城地区≤7岁儿童疫苗可预防疾病抗体水平及影响因素分析

哈力木别克·那扎尔别克¹, 加米拉·扎曼别克², 库木斯汗·卡依马旦², 帕尔哈娜², 符文慧³, 谢娜³

1.新疆医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与统计学教研室,新疆乌鲁木齐 830054;
2.塔城地区疾病预防控制中心免疫规划所,新疆塔城 834700;
3.新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心免疫规划所,新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2024-11-21 修回日期:2024-12-25 出版日期:2025-09-01 发布日期:2025-12-13
通信作者: 谢娜,副主任医师,E-mail：xiena371@163.com
作者简介:哈力木别克·那扎尔别克,男,在读硕士研宄生,研究方向为传染病流行病学。
基金资助:
“天山英才”医药卫生高层次人才培养计划（TSYC2023 01B097）

Analysis of vaccine preventable disease antibody levels and influencing factors in children aged ≤7 years in Tacheng area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in 2023

Halimubieke Nazhaerbieke¹, Jiamila Zhamanbieke², Kumusihan Kayimadan², Paerhana², FU Wenhui³, XIE Na³

1. Epidemiology and Statistics Teaching and Research Office,School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830054,China;
2. Institute of Immunization Planning,Tacheng Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tacheng,Xinjiang 834700,China;
3. Institute of Immunization Programme,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China

Received:2024-11-21 Revised:2024-12-25 Online:2025-09-01 Published:2025-12-13
Contact: XIE Na,Associate chief physician,E-mail：xiena371@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区塔城地区≤7岁儿童麻疹、风疹、百日咳、白喉、破伤风、水痘免疫水平,评价塔城地区免疫接种效果,为有效预防和控制疾病的传播与流行提供参考依据。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验（enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA）检测麻疹、风疹、百日咳、白喉、破伤风及水痘IgG抗体水平,并对数据进行分析。结果塔城地区≤7岁儿童6种疾病的抗体阳性率分别为麻疹（98.14%）、风疹（97.87%）、水痘（28.85%）、白喉（92.61%）、破伤风（82.21%）、百日咳（72.41%）。不同地区、年龄组、免疫接种史儿童抗体阳性率比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;不同性别儿童抗体阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。年龄组、地区和免疫接种史均是破伤风、百日咳和水痘抗体阳性的影响因素（均P<0.05）。结论新疆维吾尔自治区塔城地区≤7岁儿童麻疹、风疹及白喉具有较高的免疫水平,水痘、百日咳及破伤风的免疫水平较低,应重点关注百日咳和水痘疫情的暴发流行,同时要加强重点人群和重点场所的免疫预防接种工作,提高人群免疫预防接种水平。

关键词: 麻疹, 风疹, 百日咳, 白喉, 破伤风, 水痘, 抗体水平

Abstract: Objective To understand the immune levels of children aged ≤7 years old in Tacheng area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,including measles,rubella,pertussis,diphtheria,tetanus and chickenpox,evaluate the effectiveness of immunization in the Tacheng area,and to provide reference for effective prevention and control of disease transmission and prevalence. Methods Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect the levels of IgG antibodies against measles,rubella,pertussis,diphtheria,tetanus and chickenpox,and the data were analyzed. Results The antibody positivity rates for six diseases in children aged ≤7 years old in Tacheng area were 98.14% for measles,97.87% for rubella,28.85% for chickenpox,92.61% for diphtheria,82.21% for tetanus,and 72.41% for pertussis,respectively. The antibody positivity rates among children showed statistically significant differences in factors such as different region,age group,and vaccination history（all P<0.05）,while there was no statistically significant difference in gender（P>0.05）. Age group,region and vaccination history were all influencing factors for antibody positivity against tetanus,pertussis,and chickenpox（all P<0.05）. Conclusion Children ≤7 years old in Tacheng area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region have high immunity levels against measles,rubella and diphtheria,while their immunity levels against chickenpox,pertussis and tetanus are relatively low. Special attention should be paid to the outbreak and epidemic of pertussis and chickenpox,and efforts should be made to strengthen immunization and prevention among key populations and places,in order to improve the level of immunization and prevention among the population.

Key words: Measles, Rubella, Pertussis, Diphtheria, Tetanus, Chickenpox, Antibody levels

中图分类号:

R186

哈力木别克·那扎尔别克, 加米拉·扎曼别克, 库木斯汗·卡依马旦, 帕尔哈娜, 符文慧, 谢娜. 2023年新疆维吾尔自治区塔城地区≤7岁儿童疫苗可预防疾病抗体水平及影响因素分析. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(17): 2364-2369.

Halimubieke Nazhaerbieke, Jiamila Zhamanbieke, Kumusihan Kayimadan, Paerhana, FU Wenhui, XIE Na. Analysis of vaccine preventable disease antibody levels and influencing factors in children aged ≤7 years in Tacheng area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in 2023. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(17): 2364-2369.

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